A real‐world implementation of a nationwide, long‐term monitoring program to assess the impact of agrochemicals and agricultural practices on biodiversity

Andrade, Camila; Villers, Alexandre; Balent, Gérard; Bar-Hen, Avner; Cylly, Daniel; Cluzeau, Daniel; Fried, Guillaume; Guillocheau, Sarah; Pillon, Olivier; Tressou, Jessica; Yamada, Ohri; Lenne, Nicolas; Jullien, Jérôme; Monestiez, Pascal

doi:10.1002/ece3.6459

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Fertilization had a weaker but very consistent impact on floristic communities, increasing the nutrient requirement (Ellenberg-N) and acquisitive capacity (SLA), indicating higher levels of competition among species (Andrade et al, 2021; Pellissier et al, 2014). This can reduce species richness (Kleijn & Verbeek, 2000), an effect detected in the MZ and leading to the loss of some annual Mediterranean species (Poinas et al, under review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional trade-offs: exploring the temporal response of field margin plant communities to climate change and agricultural practices

Poinas

Meynard

Fried

2023

Preprint

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Over the past decades, agricultural intensification and climate change have led to vegetation shifts in Europe. However, these impacts are often studied using meta-analyses at large scales, or using taxonomic diversity. Functional trade-offs linking traits responding to climate and farming practices are rarely analyzed, especially on large-scale empirical studies. Here we used a standardized yearly monitoring effort of agricultural field margin flora at the national scale to assess the spatio-temporal response of diversity and functional traits to climatic and agricultural variations. We examined temporal trends in climate, agricultural practices, plant species richness, and trait community-weighted means and variances across 555 sites in France between 2013 and 2021. We found that temperatures have increased while soil moisture has decreased, reflecting current climate change, whereas the intensity of agricultural practices did not show clear temporal trends over the past decade. Changes in plant communities were noticeable, especially as they relate to climate change, while the impact of agricultural practices was limited and mainly exerted through field margin management and to a lesser extent, fertilization. Mediterranean sites, vineyards and perennial species demonstrated reduced response to climatic variations. Our findings suggest that species adapted to climate change (including Mediterranean species) have increased in proportion and are spreading northward. Importantly, we identified functional trade-offs suggesting that these species are also the most vulnerable to intensive agricultural practices. We put these results into the conceptual framework of Grime’s CSR triangle and suggest that the convergence of climate change and the maintenance of a highly intensive agriculture could carry a risk of abrupt declines in floristic diversity of field margins, a concern that merits further attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used vegetation data from the 500-ENI network, which is funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture (see details in Andrade et al, 2021) and yearly monitored 555 agricultural field margins across continental France between 2013 and 2021 (with some site turnover) ( Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional trade-offs: exploring the temporal response of field margin plant communities to climate change and agricultural practices

Poinas

Meynard

Fried

2023

Preprint

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“…We used vegetation data from a national monitoring effort, the 500-ENI network, which is funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture (see details in Andrade et al, 2021). Agricultural field margins covering continental France, were surveyed yearly since 2013, representing a total of 543 unique plots between 2013 and 2019 (including some plot turnover between years, see Fig.…”

Section: Vegetation Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural drivers of field margin plant communities are scale dependent

Poinas

Fried

Henckel³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In recent decades, agricultural intensification has led to a strong decline in biodiversity. Agricultural field margins, defined as the uncultivated herbaceous vegetation located between the cultivated strip and an adjacent habitat, usually constitute an important refuge for biodiversity in highly disturbed landscapes, and are critical to the preservation of ecosystem services. However, field margins are also strongly impacted by agricultural practices in their immediate vicinity. Agricultural impacts are often studied at local to landscape scales, and rarely include national or larger spatial extents, where one of the challenges is the lack of availability of standardized monitoring efforts including both biodiversity and agricultural practices. Here, we take advantage of one such monitoring effort to assess the effects of agricultural practices on field margin flora at different extents and resolutions in continental France. We used spatial simultaneous autoregressive and generalized dissimilarity models to assess the response of species richness and community composition to climatic, soil, landscape, agricultural (fertilization, herbicides) and margin management factors. Analyses were repeated at the plot-level, as well as at 25, 40, 60 and 75 km resolutions, and at regional and national extents. We found that species richness is better explained by agricultural practices at the plot-level, and by climate and crop diversity at coarse resolutions, whereas composition responds more strongly to climate at the plot-level, and to fertilization and crop diversity at coarse resolutions. There was a strong variation in the explanatory percentage among regions, but climate effects tended to be weaker within biogeographic units compared to the national level. This allows a better understanding of landscape and management effects, and reveals interactions between local and regional effects. We suggest that providing an agricultural regulatory framework at the scale of biogeographic subdivisions could help provide pertinent measures to conserve biodiversity that are better adapted to the regional context.

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“…Hence, the application of agrochemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and fertilizers is a preeminent measure to protect crop plants and to ensure maximum yields [ 5 ]. At the same time, their extensive use can have negative impacts on biodiversity [ 6 ], water quality [ 7 ], and human health [ 8 ]. Fungi are a noteworthy threat to human well-being: they are a health burden for humans and animals (e.g., amphibians) due to mycological infections and diseases, and they destroy one-third of the yearly harvest of crops for food production [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Tacrolimus with Cyproconazole, Hymexazol and Novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines as Antifungals: In Vitro Growth Inhibition and In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis to Fungal Chitin Deacetylase

Antypenko

Meyer

Sadyk

et al. 2023

JoF

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Agents with antifungal activity play a vital role as therapeutics in health care, as do fungicides in agriculture. Effectiveness, toxicological profile, and eco-friendliness are among the properties used to select suitable substances. Furthermore, a steady supply of new agents with different modes of action is required to counter the well-known potential of human and phyto-pathogenic fungi to develop resistance against established antifungals. Here, we use an in vitro growth assay to investigate the activity of the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus in combination with the commercial fungicides cyproconazole and hymexazol, as well as with two earlier reported novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines, against the fungi Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum higginsianum, Fusarium oxysporum and the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, which are notoriously harmful in agriculture. When tacrolimus was added in a concentration range from 0.25 to 25 mg/L to the tested antifungals (at a fixed concentration of 25 or 50 mg/L), the inhibitory activities were distinctly enhanced. Molecular docking calculations revealed triazole derivative 5, (2-(3-adamantan-1-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-4-chloroaniline), as a potent inhibitor of chitin deacetylases (CDA) of Aspergillus nidulans and A. niger (AnCDA and AngCDA, respectively), which was stronger than the previously reported polyoxorin D, J075-4187, and chitotriose. The results are discussed in the context of potential synergism and molecular mode of action.

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A real‐world implementation of a nationwide, long‐term monitoring program to assess the impact of agrochemicals and agricultural practices on biodiversity

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 20 publications

References 87 publications

Functional trade-offs: exploring the temporal response of field margin plant communities to climate change and agricultural practices

Functional trade-offs: exploring the temporal response of field margin plant communities to climate change and agricultural practices

Agricultural drivers of field margin plant communities are scale dependent

Combined Application of Tacrolimus with Cyproconazole, Hymexazol and Novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines as Antifungals: In Vitro Growth Inhibition and In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis to Fungal Chitin Deacetylase

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