A Real‐Time Cytotoxicity Assay as an Alternative to the Standard Chromium‐51 Release Assay for Measurement of Human NK and T Cell Cytotoxic Activity

Fassy, Julien; Tsalkitzi, Kyriaki; Gonçalves-Maia, Maria; Braud, Véronique M.

doi:10.1002/cpim.28

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Developed in 1968, this technique is still the gold standard for evaluation of cytotoxicity but requires handling radioactivity and autologous tumor targets. Interestingly, nonradioactive tests for cytotoxicity are emerging, based on flow cytometry ( 66 ) or microscopy of fluorescent target cells ( 67 ). Another classical way to measure T cell and NK cell cytotoxicity is enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT), a sensitive immunoassay that measures the frequency of cytokine-secreting cells at the single-cell level ( 68 , 69 ).…”

Section: Classical and New Technics Of Immune Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Treatment of Lung Cancer: Can Immune Cells Predict the Response? A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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The landscape for medical treatment of lung cancer has irreversibly changed since the development of immuno-oncology (IO). Yet, while immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) revealed that T lymphocytes play a major role in lung cancer, the precise dynamic of innate and adaptive immune cells induced by anticancer treatments including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and/or ICB is poorly understood. In lung cancer, studies evaluating specific immune cell populations as predictors of response to medical treatment are scarce, and knowledge is fragmented. Here, we review the different techniques allowing the detection of immune cells in the tumor and blood (multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, RNA-seq, DNA methylation pattern, mass cytometry, functional tests). In addition, we present data that consider different baseline immune cell populations as predictors of response to medical treatments of lung cancer. We also review the potential for assessing dynamic changes in cell populations during treatment as a biomarker. As powerful tools for immune cell detection and data analysis are available, clinicians and researchers could increase understanding of mechanisms of efficacy and resistance in addition to identifying new targets for IO by developing translational studies that decipher the role of different immune cell populations during lung cancer treatments.

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Section: Classical and New Technics Of Immune Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Treatment of Lung Cancer: Can Immune Cells Predict the Response? A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…When considering the role of NKp30 on Trypanosoma cruzi infections, Hermann et al found that cord blood NK cells from newborns congenitally infected with T. cruzi had a reduced expression of NKp30, which could be due to earlier NK cell activation or to NK cell activity down‐regulation by T. cruzi itself (Hermann et al, 2006). Later work has shown that NK cells were activated in utero , during the first exposure to the parasite and that the foetus response to T. cruzi is an adult‐like one, based on IFN‐γ production by CD8 + T cells and through an IL‐12‐dependent monocyte pathway (Berrien‐Elliott et al, 2015; Fassy, Tsalkitzi, Goncalves‐Maia, & Braud, 2017; Lapteva et al, 2012; Porrata, Inwards, Lacy, & Markovic, 2001).…”

Section: Nkp30 As a Mediator Of Nk Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

NKp30 ‐ A prospective target for new cancer immunotherapy strategies

Pinheiro

Justino

Marques

2020

British J Pharmacology

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Natural killer (NK) cells are an important arm of the innate immune system. They constitutively express the NKp30 receptor. NKp30‐mediated responses are triggered by the binding of specific ligands e.g. tumour cell‐derived B7‐H6 and involve the secretion of cytotoxic mediators including TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, perforins and granzymes. The latter two constitute a target cell‐directed response that is critical in the process of immunosurveillance. The structure of NKp30 is presented, focusing on the ligand‐binding site, on the ligand‐induced structural changes and on the experimental data available correlating structure and binding affinity. The translation of NKp30 structural changes to disease progression is also reviewed. NKp30 role in immunotherapy has been explored in chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy. However, antibodies or small ligands targeting NKp30 have not yet been developed. The data reviewed herein unveil the key structural aspects that must be considered for drug design in order to develop novel immunotherapy approaches.

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“…While this assay has many limitations, the result distinctly demonstrates whether or not target cells are finally killed (Figure 2) (54). Numerous flow-, colorimetric-, and imaging-based cytotoxicity assays have been touted as possible chromium release assay replacements but no large cohort of primary HLH cases has been validated on any of these platforms (55–59). Pending such reports, the chromium release assay is still the only published clinical standard for NK functional studies.…”

Section: Secretory Granule Exocytosis Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Flow Cytometric Assays for the Screening and Diagnosis of Primary HLH

2019

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Advances in flow cytometry have led to greatly improved primary immunodeficiency (PID) diagnostics. This is due to the fact that patient blood cells in suspension do not require further processing for analysis by flow cytometry, and many PIDs lead to alterations in leukocyte numbers, phenotype, and function. A large portion of current PID assays can be classified as “phenotyping” assays, where absolute numbers, frequencies, and markers are investigated using specific antibodies. Inherent drawbacks of antibody technology are the main limitation to this type of testing. On the other hand, “functional” assays measure cellular responses to certain stimuli. While these latter assays are powerful tools that can be used to detect defects in entire pathways and distinguish variants of significance, it requires samples with robust viability and also skilled processing. In this review, we concentrate on hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), describing the principles and accuracies of flow cytometric assays that have been proven to assist in the screening diagnosis of primary HLH.

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A Real‐Time Cytotoxicity Assay as an Alternative to the Standard Chromium‐51 Release Assay for Measurement of Human NK and T Cell Cytotoxic Activity

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Medical Treatment of Lung Cancer: Can Immune Cells Predict the Response? A Systematic Review

Medical Treatment of Lung Cancer: Can Immune Cells Predict the Response? A Systematic Review

NKp30 ‐ A prospective target for new cancer immunotherapy strategies

Current Flow Cytometric Assays for the Screening and Diagnosis of Primary HLH

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