A Real-Time Attack Localization Algorithm for Large Power System Networks Using Graph-Theoretic Techniques

Nudell, Thomas R.; Nabavi, Seyedbehzad; Chakrabortty, Aranya

doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2406571

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Graph theory can be a useful approach to assess power systems operation [8], [10], [11]. Power networks could be considered as complex networks and therefore, graph theory has been applied to analyze them in different aspects such as topological vulnerabilities [12]- [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Topological Sorting Approach to Identify Coherent Cut-Sets Within Power Grids

Beiranvand

Cuffe

2020

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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This paper proposes a new technique to identify sets of branches that form heavily loaded and potentially vulnerable flowgates within power grids. To this end, a directed acyclic graph is used to model the instantaneous state of power grids. One of the advantages of directed acyclic graphs is they allow the identification of where power flows are coherent e.g where power flows in a uniform direction along a set of branches that partition the network into two islands. This paper uses topological sorts to identify many sets of branches having this property. Definitions are provided for two new concepts, termed coherent cut-sets and coherent crack-sets, which are particular sets of branches extracted from a specific topological sort. Notably, there are numerous possible topological sorts for a directed acyclic graph and calculating distinctive topological sorts is challenging. In this paper a novel optimization algorithm is proposed to find multiple, diverse topological sorts each of which implies many cut-sets. The effectiveness of the proposed methods for enhancing grid observability and situational awareness is demonstrated using two standard test networks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Topological Sorting Approach to Identify Coherent Cut-Sets Within Power Grids

Beiranvand

Cuffe

2020

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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“…In this direction, [208] uses a Roun-Robin algorithm for localizing the deception attacks on power systems. Another localizing work in power systems is [209], where a graph-theoretic technique is used to lozalize where the effect of an attack exists in a wide-area control architecture. A recursive distributed Kalman filter in the presence of sensor attacks (A 2 ) is developed in [210], [211].…”

Section: B Defense Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systems and control perspective of CPS security

Dibaji

Pirani

Flamholz

et al. 2019

Annual Reviews in Control

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380

191

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The comprehensive integration of instrumentation, communication, and control into physical systems has led to the study of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), a field that has recently garnered increased attention. A key concern that is ubiquitous in CPS is a need to ensure security in the face of cyber attacks. In this paper, we carry out a survey of systems and control methods that have been proposed for the security of CPS. We classify these methods into three categories based on the type of defense proposed against the cyberattacks: prevention, resilience, and detection & isolation. A unified threat assessment metric is proposed in order to evaluate how CPS security is achieved in each of these three cases. Also surveyed are risk assessment tools and the effect of network topology on CPS security. An emphasis has been placed on power and transportation applications in the overall survey. Index Terms-cyber-physical systems, resilient control I. INTRODUCTION Motivated by concerns about sustainability, efficiency, and resiliency, several sectors including energy, transportation, water, and healthcare systems have witnessed significant advances in instrumentation, monitoring, and automation over the past decade. The resulting integration of information, communication, and computation with physically engineered systems demands a detailed investigation into the analysis and synthesis of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) so as to realize the desired performance metrics of efficiency, sustainability, and safety. The extensive and intricate presence of cyber components also introduces a vulnerability of unwanted access to these systems. The available communication technologies, referred to as SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), are witnessing significant advances, triggering a shift from protected, closed, and wired networks to open and wireless networks which, as a side effect, are more vulnerable to outside interference.

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“…In [26], the attack detection problem in the smart grid is formulated as a statistical learning problem for different attack scenarios in which the measurements are observed in batch or on-line settings and a machine learning algorithm is used to classify the measurements and detect the attack. A graph-theoretic algorithm for localizing the target of FDI attacks in large power system networks using real-time synchrophasor measurements is proposed in [27]. In [28], the problems of state estimation and attack detection in smart grids when the measurements are corrupted by colored Gaussian noise are considered.…”

Section: Detection Mechanisms For Fdi Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graph theoretical defense mechanisms against false data injection attacks in smart grids

Ansari

Vakili

Tavassoli

2018

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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This paper addresses false data injection, which is one of the most significant security challenges in smart grids. Having an accurately estimated state is of great importance for maintaining a stable running condition of smart grids. To preserve the accuracy of the estimated state, bad data detection (BDD) mechanisms are utilized to remove erroneous measurements due to meter failures or outsider attacks. In this paper we use a graph-theoretical formulation for false data injection attacks in smart grids and propose defense mechanisms to mitigating this type of attacks. To this end we discuss characteristics of a typical smart grid graph such as planarity. Then we propose three different approaches for finding optimal protected meters set: a fast and efficient heuristic algorithm that works well in practice, an approximation algorithm that provides guarantee for the quality of the protected set, and an exact algorithm that find the optimal solution. Our extensive simulation results show that our algorithms outperform similar existing solutions in terms of different performance metrics.

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A Real-Time Attack Localization Algorithm for Large Power System Networks Using Graph-Theoretic Techniques

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

A Topological Sorting Approach to Identify Coherent Cut-Sets Within Power Grids

A Topological Sorting Approach to Identify Coherent Cut-Sets Within Power Grids

A systems and control perspective of CPS security

Graph theoretical defense mechanisms against false data injection attacks in smart grids

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