The development of multifunctional materials for the
synchronous
detection and removal of mercury ions (Hg2+) is in high
demand. Although a few multifunctional materials as a fluorescent
indicator and adsorbent have achieved this aim, the feedback of their
removal efficiency still depends on other methods. Herein, magnetic
Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs) and 6-aza-2-thiothymine-protected
gold nanoclusters (ATT-AuNCs) were rationally assembled into a zeolitic
imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) structure via a one-pot method. The
coordination assembly of ATT-AuNCs and ZIF-8 not only strengthened
the aurophilic interactions of adjacent ATT-AuNCs but also induced
the restriction of intramolecular motion of ATT with a six-membered
heterocyclic structure. As a consequence, the fluorescence (FL) quantum
yield of MNPs/ATT-AuNCs@ZIF-8 was 12.5-fold higher than that of pristine
ATT-AuNCs. Benefiting from the enhanced FL emission, MNPs/ATT-AuNCs@ZIF-8
showed improved sensitivity for Hg2+ detection and therefore
could evaluate the removal efficiency via FL detection, without relying
on another detection method. Additionally, the nanocomposite also
displayed a satisfactory removal capability for Hg2+, including
a short capture time (20 min), a high removal efficiency (>96.9%),
and excellent reusability (10 cycles). This work provides an approach
for customizing functional nanocomposites to concurrently detect and
remove Hg2+ with superior performance, especially for high
detection sensitivity.