A Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Simpson, George M.; B., Gh.; Angus, J. W. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1970.tb02066.x

Cited by 3,032 publications

(1,364 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

1,325

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Safety was assessed by reporting of adverse events, physical examination, vital signs, body weight, laboratory parameters and the following neurological scales: the Simpson Angus Scale (Simpson and Angus 1970) for parkinsonism, the Barnes Akathisia Scale (Barnes 1989) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) (National Institute of Mental Health 1976b) for dyskinesia.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amisulpride vs. Risperidone in Chronic Schizophrenia Results of a 6-month Double-blind Study

Sechter

Fleurot

Rein

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is a chronic and disabling disorder with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 1% (American Psychiatric Association 1994). It results in significant long-term functional handicap, severely impairs the quality of life of both the patient and the caregivers and places a considerable financial burden on society.The clinical efficacy of amisulpride against acute psychotic symptoms at high doses (400-800 mg/day) and prominent negative symptoms at low doses (50-300 mg/day) may be explained by its preferential affinity for pre-synaptic dopaminergic D 2 and D 3 autoreceptor subtypes at low doses, while higher doses result in predominant antagonism of post-synaptic dopamine receptors (Perrault et al. 1997;Schoemaker et al. 1997). It also shows selectivity for dopamine receptors in limbic and hippocampal structures, rather than striatal structures, thus suggesting a lower propensity to induce extrapyramidal effects than seen with the classical antipsychotics (Perrault et al. 1997). Studies in

show abstract

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amisulpride vs. Risperidone in Chronic Schizophrenia Results of a 6-month Double-blind Study

Sechter

Fleurot

Rein

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Secondary psychometric and neurologic examinations included CGI-S, CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) (US Department of Health, 1976a); PANSS (Kay et al, 1987); MontgomeryAsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (Montgomery and Asberg, 1979), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) (US Department of Health, 1976b), Simpson Angus Scale (SAS) (Simpson and Angus, 1970); Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS) (Barnes, 1989), Patient Perception of Function Scale (PPFS) (MacEwan et al, 2001), and Role Functioning Scale (RFS) (McPheeters, 1984).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Donepezil in Patients with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder: Significant Placebo/Practice Effects in a 12-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Keefe

Malhotra

Meltzer

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Altered expression of central muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in hippocampal and cortical regions may contribute to the cognitive impairment exhibited in patients with schizophrenia. Increasing cholinergic activity through the use of a cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therefore represents a possible strategy for cognitive augmentation in schizophrenia. We examined the efficacy and safety of the ChEI donepezil as cotreatment for mild to moderate cognitive impairment in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in a prospective, 12-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study. In total, 250 patients (18-55 years) with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were clinically stabilized on risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, or aripiprazole, alone or in combination, were enrolled at 38 outpatient psychiatric clinics in the United States. Patients were randomized to donepezil 5 mg q.d. for 6 weeks then 10 mg q.d. for 6 weeks, or placebo administered as oral tablets. The primary outcome measure was the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) neurocognitive battery composite score. In the intent-to-treat sample (donepezil, n ¼ 121; placebo, n ¼ 124), both treatments showed improvement in the composite score from baseline to week 12. At week 12, cognitive improvement with donepezil was similar to that with placebo (last-observation-carried-forward effect size, 0.277 vs 0.411; p ¼ 0.1182) and statistically significantly inferior for the observed-cases analysis (0.257 vs 0.450; p ¼ 0.044). There was statistically significant improvement in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Assessment Scale negative symptoms score for placebo compared with donepezil, while total and positive symptom scores were similar between both treatments. Statistically significant improvements in positive symptoms score and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement for donepezil compared with placebo were noted at Week 6. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were observed for 54.5% of donepezil-and 61.3% of placebo-treated patients; most AEs were rated as mild to moderate in severity. Donepezil was safe and well-tolerated but was not effective compared with placebo as a cotreatment for the improvement of cognitive impairment in this patient population. A significant and surprisingly large placebo/practice effect was observed among placebotreated patients, and is a serious consideration in future clinical trial study designs for potential cognitive enhancing compounds in schizophrenia.

show abstract

“…Patients with overall two mild ratings or at least one moderate or high rating in any of the categories on AIMS scale (a single evaluation) was used as the threshold for diagnosis of TD, following the RDC-TD. 39 The Simpson-Angus Rating Scale (SARS) 40 was used for additional assessment. Other inclusion criteria were the availability of antipsychotic treatment history (for at least 3 months).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic susceptibility to Tardive Dyskinesia in chronic schizophrenia subjects: I. Association of CYP1A2 gene polymorphism

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the pharmacogenetic basis of developing iatrogenic disorders such as Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) has significant clinical implications. CYP1A2, an inducible gene of the cytochrome P450 family of genes, has been suggested to contribute to the metabolism of typical antipsychotics in subjects with schizophrenia on long-term treatment, and has been considered as a potential candidate gene for development of TD. In this study, we have investigated the significance of CYP1A2 gene polymorphisms in TD susceptibility among chronic schizophrenia sufferers (n ¼ 335) from north India. TD was diagnosed in B29% (96/335) of these subjects. Of the 96 TD positives, 28 had been treated with typical antipsychotics alone, 23 with atypical antipsychotics alone and 45 patients had received both classes of drugs during the course of their illness. Out of the six SNPs tested, CYP1A2*2, *4, *5, *6 were found to be monomorphic in our population. CYP1A2*1C and CYP1A2*1F were polymorphic and were analyzed in the study sample. Since these two allelic variants lead to lesser inducibility among smokers, the smoking status of TD patients was also considered for all subsequent analysis. We observed increased severity of TD among TD-Y smokers, who were carriers of CYP1A2*1C (G4A) variant allele and had received only typical antipsychotic drugs (F(1,8) ¼ 9.203, P ¼ 0.016). No significant association of CYP1A2*1F with TD was observed irrespective of the class of drug they received or their smoking status. However, we found a significant association of CYP1A2*1F with schizophrenia (w 2 ¼ 6.572, df ¼ 2, P ¼ 0.037).

show abstract

A Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Cited by 3,032 publications

References 1 publication

Amisulpride vs. Risperidone in Chronic Schizophrenia Results of a 6-month Double-blind Study

Amisulpride vs. Risperidone in Chronic Schizophrenia Results of a 6-month Double-blind Study

Efficacy and Safety of Donepezil in Patients with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder: Significant Placebo/Practice Effects in a 12-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Genetic susceptibility to Tardive Dyskinesia in chronic schizophrenia subjects: I. Association of CYP1A2 gene polymorphism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About