A Rate‐, State‐, and Temperature‐Dependent Friction Law With Competing Healing Mechanisms

Barbot, Sylvain

doi:10.1029/2022jb025106

Cited by 19 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…Seismic swarms can be explained by temperature-hardening during shear heating that leads to apparent work-hardening (B. . (Tian & He, 2019), dry granite (Mitchell et al, 2016), and hornblende (Liu & He, 2020) synthetic gouges as well as shale (An et al, 2020) and other (den Hartog et al, 2021;Valdez et al, 2019) natural gouges can be explained by a single deformation mechanism with the competition between two thermally-activated healing mechanisms (Barbot, 2022). (b) Westerly granite (Blanpied et al, 1995(Blanpied et al, , 1998, basalt (Okuda et al, 2023), and Alpine Fault gouges (Niemeijer et al, 2016) require a second deformation mechanism to explain restrengthening at high temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…which may not be constant. The effective power-law exponent and activation energy vary with rock type and temperature, typically falling within the range of n = 10-170 and Q = 10-150 kJ/mol in the brittle field (Atkinson, 1984;Barbot, 2019bBarbot, , 2022. In granitoid rocks, the exponent decreases from n ≈ 140 at 300°C to n ≈ 10 at 600°C with the activation energy ranging from 80 ± 20 to 180 ± 50 kJ/mol depending on strain-rate (Pec et al, 2016).…”

Section: Constitutive Framework For Fault Frictionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The last component of the constitutive model is the evolution of the real area of contact from the competition between time-dependent healing and contact rejuvenation during fault slip (Barbot, 2019b(Barbot, , 2022. Healing occurs by compaction creep, that is, time-dependent shortening of the gouge layer leading to an increase of the real area of contact, or by cementation of the fluid-filled cavities that pervade the gouge.…”

Section: Constitutive Framework For Fault Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…respectively. The transition from steady-state velocity-strengthening at room temperature to velocity-weakening at higher temperatures can be explained by the competition between healing mechanisms (Barbot, 2022). To describe the joint effects of temperature and slip-rate on frictional stability, we simulate velocity-step experiments for a spring-slider assembly based on the constitutive framework described in Section 2.…”

Section: Effect Of Multiple Deformation and Healing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constitutive Behavior of Rocks During the Seismic Cycle

Barbot

2023

AGU Advances

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Establishing a constitutive law for fault friction is a crucial objective of earthquake science. However, the complex frictional behavior of natural and synthetic gouges in laboratory experiments eludes explanations. Here, we present a constitutive framework that elucidates the rate, state, and temperature dependence of fault friction under the relevant sliding velocities and temperatures of the brittle lithosphere during seismic cycles. The competition between healing mechanisms, such as viscoelastic collapse, pressure‐solution creep, and crack sealing, explains the low‐temperature stability transition from steady‐state velocity‐strengthening to velocity‐weakening as a function of slip‐rate and temperature. In addition, capturing the transition from cataclastic flow to semi‐brittle creep accounts for the stabilization of fault slip at elevated temperatures. We calibrate the model using extensive laboratory data on synthetic albite and granite gouge, and on natural samples from the Alpine Fault and the Mugi Mélange in the Shimanto accretionary complex in Japan. The constitutive model consistently explains the evolving frictional response of fault gouge from room temperature to 600°C for sliding velocities ranging from nanometers to millimeters per second. The frictional response of faults can be uniquely determined by the in situ lithology and the prevailing hydrothermal conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Constitutive Framework For Fault Frictionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Constitutive Framework For Fault Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Multiple Deformation and Healing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constitutive Behavior of Rocks During the Seismic Cycle

Barbot

2023

AGU Advances

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“…Other works have shown that RSF parameters might vary with the slip velocity (Mair and Marone, 1999), making them additional variables or dofs of the system (Im et al, 2020). Despite these and more recent works (e.g., Perfettini and Molinari, 2017;Barbot, 2022) our understanding of the seismic cycle and the number of dofs required to describe it are still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic and Stochastic Chaos characterise Laboratory Earthquakes

Gualandi

Faranda

Marone

et al. 2023

Preprint

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<p>We analyze frictional motion for a laboratory fault as it passes through the stability transition from stable sliding to unstable motion. We study frictional stick-slip events, which are the lab equivalent of earthquakes, via dynamical system tools in order to retrieve information on the underlying dynamics and to assess whether there are dynamical changes associated with the transition from stable to unstable motion. We find that the lab seismic cycles exhibit characteristics of a low-dimensional system with average dimension similar to that of natural slow earthquakes (<5). We also investigate local properties of the attractor and find maximum instantaneous dimension >10, indicating that some regions of the phase space require a high number of degrees of freedom (dofs). Our analysis does not preclude deterministic chaos, but the lab seismic cycle is best explained by a random attractor based on rate- and state-dependent friction whose dynamics is stochastically perturbed. We find that minimal variations of 0.05% of the shear and normal stresses applied to the experimental fault influence the large-scale dynamics and the recurrence time of labquakes. While complicated motion including period doubling is observed near the stability transition, even in the fully unstable regime we do not observe truly periodic behavior. Friction's nonlinear nature amplifies small scale perturbations, reducing the predictability of the otherwise periodic macroscopic dynamics. As applied to tectonic faults, our results imply that even small stress field fluctuations (less or about 150 kPa) can induce coefficient of variations in earthquake repeat time of a few percent. Moreover, these perturbations can drive an otherwise fast-slipping fault, close to the critical stability condition, into a mixed behavior involving slow and fast ruptures.</p>

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