Abstract:The knowledge of vascular variations, like other anatomical variations, is important during the operative, diagnostic and endovascular procedures in abdomen. This report describes variations in the celiac trunk and abnormal entry of hepatic arteries into the liver as found during routine dissection in approximately 65 years old female cadaver. The celiac trunk was two inches long and gave 2 inferior phrenic arteries, a left gastric artery, and then bifurcated into a splenic and a common hepatic artery. The common hepatic artery gave rise to left hepatic artery, which entered the liver through fi ssure for ligamentum venosum. The common hepatic artery then divided into right hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries. The cystic artery was a branch of the left hepatic artery. The porta hepatis of the liver was situated on the right side of the caudate lobe. The knowledge of variation reported here is important during endovascular procedures, cholecystectomy and liver transplantation from the living donors (Fig. 2 The hepatic, splenic and left gastric arteries are considered as the "main classic branches" of the celiac trunk (CT). In the embryonic life, yolk sac is supplied by vitelline arteries. Later they gradually fuse and help in formation of the arteries dorsal to the mesentery of the gut. In the adult, they are developed as CT, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries. These vessels supply the derivatives of foregut, midgut and hindgut, respectively (1). CT supplies the parts of the foregut like liver, stomach, pancreas and superior part of duodenum. Variations of the CT and its branches, their relationship to surrounding structures are therefore of particular importance from a surgical perspective (2, 3).
Material and methodsDuring the gross anatomy dissection of the abdomen of approximately 65 year old female cadaver, we observed variations in the branching pattern, course and distribution of the celiac trunk. Some variations were also found at the porta hepatis of the liver. The celiac artery was two inches long. It fi rst gave a pair of inferior phrenic arteries and a left gastric artery and then bifurcated into splenic and common hepatic arteries (Figs 1 and 2). The common hepatic artery gave a left hepatic artery, which entered the liver through the fi ssure for ligamentum venosum (Fig. 2). Near the inferior surface of the liver, the left hepatic artery gave a cystic artery to the gall bladder (Fig. 1). The cystic artery entered the Calot's triangle passing anterior to the common hepatic duct. The common hepatic artery terminated by dividing into gastroduodenal and right hepatic arteries. The right hepatic artery entered the liver through the porta hepatis.The porta hepatis was situated between the caudate lobe and the right lobe of the liver. The right hepatic artery, bile duct and portal vein were seen entering/leaving the liver at porta hepatis (Fig. 2). The posterior surface of the liver was merged with the inferior surface and the groove for inferior vena cava was very small. The act...