A rare localization of pure dermoid cyst in the frontal bone

Abstract

We report the case of an 84-year-old woman who came to our attention with right palpebral edema associated with pain in the omolateral fronto-orbital region. The patient underwent an MRI scan that revealed a rounded, extracerebral intradiploic cystic lesion with dyshomogeneous signal intensity. Computed tomography (CT) imaging was also performed with reformatted 3D reconstruction. Post-surgical histologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of intradiploic dermoid cyst. We here report the case and discuss epidemiology, imaging features and work-up of this pathological entity.

Spectrum of lytic lesions of the skull: a pictorial essay

“…DCs are lined by stratified squamous epithelium but, unlike ECs, contain epidermal appendages, such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. These lesions, frequently occurring in childhood, with the highest incidence during the first or second decades of life, show a slow growth and tend to develop on the midline along the course of suture lines, near the anterior fontanelle [ 9 , 10 ]. Their appearance ranges from simple localised cysts to complex lesions, with dermal sinus and possible intracranial extension [ 11 ].…”

Combined minimally invasive surgical management of a nasal dermoid sinus cyst affecting the frontal sinus: literature review and new classification

“…Approximately 39% to 84% of head and neck dermoid cysts are located in the periorbital region [ 5 , 6 , 22 , 23 ], most of which are localized in the superior temporal zygomatico-frontal suture, and about 10% are localized in the superior nasal frontal suture [ 24 ]. NDSCs with an orbital extension are also described in the literature [ 22 , 25 ] and their symptoms include swelling in the periorbital region with deteriorating vision and eye displacement (i.e., proptosis, ptosis or diplopia) [ 19 , 20 , 22 ]. Additionally, since limited forehead or upper eyelid swelling may occur, complications of frontal sinusitis should be taken into consideration during the differential diagnosis, especially when patients do not respond to standard treatment [ 4 , 19 – 22 , 26 ].…”

“…Dermoid cysts in the nasofrontal region should be differentiated from other pathologies that can present as a mass, fistula, or sinus with similar manifestations. Figure 3 shows the differential diagnosis of NDSCs, such as encephaloceles, teratomas, sebaceous cysts, and hematomas, from fibrosis, lipomas, and fibromas [ 2 , 3 , 10 , 20 , 28 ]. Treatment of NDSCs is based on the possibility of surgical excision, which depends on the location, size, and intracranial extension of the lesion [ 2 , 16 ].…”

“…This is primarily due to the presence of characteristic signs and symptoms (e.g., external nose deformation or pathognomonic hair concentration protruding from the sinus canal on the skin above the lesion, often accompanied by periodic 'cheesy'-like sebaceous and keratin discharge) [10,11,13,18]. NDSCs diagnosed in adulthood are rare, with only two published cases involving the frontal sinus [4,[19][20][21][22].…”

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging at 3T of pituitary gland: advantages and pitfalls

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an accurate diagnostic tool with a primary indication in several condition both for a diagnostic and interventional intent (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Notably, MRI has been established as dominant modality use in neuroradiological field due to its excellent soft tissue contrast (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), which allowed an accurate evaluation of intracranial structures. This characteristic proves to be particularly advantageous in the study of pituitary gland; MRI, indeed, provide a detailed depiction of the pituitary anatomy and its relationship with adjacent structures, helping from the detection of micro alteration of its architecture to the formulation of an adequate treatment planning.…”