A Rare Cause of Hypereosinophilia: A Case Report

Abstract

Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Toxocara cati and T. canis, which live in the intestinal system of cats (T. cati) and dogs (T. canis). Infective eggs can enter the gastrointestinal system by the oral route via foods contaminated with feces of dogs or cats or via dirty contaminated hands. The larvae penetrate the small intestine and migrate to visceral organs by systemic circulation. Hypereosinophilia is a common finding in the tissue invasion of parasites. Serological methods are the principle diagnostic methods for toxocariasis. In this study, we reported a toxocariasis patient presented with hypereosinophilia, hepatomegaly, and intestinal involvement. Computed tomography showed diffuse thickening of the ileal bowel loop walls around the umbilicus. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed an enlarged periduodenal lymph node. Symptoms improved with albendazole treatment with a subsequent flare. Keywords: Hypereosinophilia, toxocariasis, atypical zoonosis ÖZ Toksokariazis, kedi ve köpeklerin barsaklarında yaşayan Toxocara canis ve Toxocara cati'nin neden olduğu parazitik bir hastalıktır. Enfektif yumurtalar kedi-köpek dışkısıyla kontamine olmuş besinlerle veya iyi yıkanmamış kontamine ellerle oral yoldan gastointestinal sisteme girebilir. Barsaklardan penetre olan larvalar iç organlara yerleşebilirler. Parazitlerin dokuya invazyonu sonucu hipereozinofili sık görülen bir bulgudur. Serolojik testler toksokaryozis tanısı konulmasındaki temel tanı yöntemidir. Biz bu olguda hipereozinofili, hepatomegali, ve barsak tutulumu ile prezente olan bir toksokoriazis vakasını bildirdik. Bilgisayarlı tomografide göbek etrafındaki ileal barsak anslarında yaygın duvar kalınlaşması görüldü. Endoskopik ultrasonografide büyümüş periduodenal lenf nodu saptandı. Semptomlar albendazol tedavisi aile düzelirken takip eden bir alevlenme görüldü.

Designing and standardizing Toxocara serologic diagnostic kit and determining anti-Toxocara antibodies frequency in patients referred to health care centers in Urmia (northwest of Iran)

“…Various studies have suggested that geographical location, socioeconomical status, contact with soil, dog, and cat, age, sex, pica, and ingestion of raw cow liver or meat are the most important risk factors for acquiring the disease (Campos Júnior et al 2003;Fillaux et al 2007;Kwon et al 2017;Kwon et al 2011). Eosinophilia in peripheral blood occurs in allergic diseases and cancers and is commonly found in tissue-invading parasites (Merdin et al 2016;Won et al 2015); VLM is often complicated by blood eosinophilia (Van Den Broucke et al 2015).…”

Presence of zoonotichelminths in cats (Feliscatus) of condominiums in City of Mexico with special concern to Toxocara cati infection

“…Visceral toxocariasis occurs preferentially in children from 1 to 4 years of age with a history of geophagy. Clinically, it is characterized by fever, pulmonary signs and symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly and leukocytosis with marked eosinophilia [11,12]. Cases of neurological alterations have been reported that are manifested by seizures, paralysis, epilepsy and sometimes cause death when the number of larvae in the central nervous system is high [13,14].…”