A rare case report of cervical hemangioma and a comprehensive literature review of 137 cases of cervical and uterine hemangiomas

Abstract

The cervix of the uterus is a rare site for cavernous hemangiomas. Cervical hemangiomas are slow‐growing tumors with characteristic histological findings, including dilated vessels with increased endothelial cells. Although their pathophysiology remains unclear, hormones are believed to play an important role in the development of these vascular tumors. They may be asymptomatic due to their small size, but they can cause gynecological and obstetrical complications, including abnormal uterine bleeding and impaired fertility. Due to their small size, conservative treatment is the first line of management. Hysterectomy is considered for refractory cases or for patients who are not of childbearing age. In this study, firstly, we presented a case of a 60‐year‐old postmenopausal female without any gynecological‐related signs or symptoms with a polypoid nodule hanging over the anterior cervical wall through its stalk. The surgical biopsy revealed no signs of neoplastic changes, with the only notable finding being a benign vascular lesion representing a cavernous hemangiomatous cervical polyp. The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and she is currently healthy without any further abnormal findings. Additionally, we provided a comprehensive review of 137 cases in the literature since 1883, detailing their characteristics, signs and symptoms, and pathology.

Cavernous hemangioma of corpus imitating endometrial polyp in a young non‐pregnant woman: A case report study

“…The most reported symptoms of hemangioma are vaginal bleeding, infertility, dyspareunia, postcoital bleeding, and even clinically mimicking endometriosis 4 . According to the literature, approximately half of the patients had abnormal uterine bleeding 1 . Our patient was also symptomatic and had abnormal uterine bleeding (menorrhagia) for 2.5 years.…”

“…4 According to the literature, approximately half of the patients had abnormal uterine bleeding. 1 Our patient was also symptomatic and had abnormal uterine bleeding (menorrhagia) for 2.5 years.…”

“…Uterine hemangiomas are rare tumors that occur in the fourth and fifth decade of life. 1 Numerous syndromes are associated with congenital hemangiomas, and their pathogenesis is characterized by embryonic sequestration. However, hormonal changes play an important role in the pathogenesis of acquired hemangiomas.…”

“…Vascular tumors in the female genital tract are rare and only about 140 cases have been reported in the literature with an age distribution of 5-81 years. 1 They can be divided into arteriovenous malformations, cavernous and capillary hemangiomas, lymphangiomas, hemangioendotheliomas, and angiosarcoma. These tumors can be either single or multifocal.…”