A rare case of unilateral diffuse melanocytic proliferation

Ayachit, Apoorva; Joshi, Shrinivas; Vasudevan, Sameera V

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_979_17

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Visual acuity is usually markedly impaired in a progressive fashion. In rare instances, unilateral forms of this disorder have been recognized [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated choroidal melanocytosis: clinical update on 37 cases

Augsburger

Brooks

Corrêa

2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose Isolated choroidal melanocytosis is a congenital melanocytic hyperpigmentation involving the choroid that is not associated with iridic or scleral features of ocular melanocytosis. The purpose of this work was to describe the clinical features and course of a relatively large series of patients with this disorder. Methods A retrospective clinical study of 37 patients with isolated choroidal melanocytosis encountered in a single practice 1986–2018 was done. All lesions were 5 mm or larger in the largest basal diameter, homogeneously melanotic, and completely flat by conventional ocular ultrasonography. Results The 37 patients ranged in age from 2 weeks to 87 years (mean 31.5 years, median 18 years) at initial diagnosis of the melanotic choroidal lesion. Arc length largest basal diameter of the melanotic choroidal lesion ranged from 5.5 to 37 mm (mean 14.6 mm, median 13 mm). The lesion extended beneath the fovea in 18 eyes and to the optic disc margin in 6 eyes. Ten of the lesions straddled the ocular equator, but the center point of all of the lesions was posterior to the equator. The retina was fully attached and appeared normal over the melanotic choroidal lesion in each of these eyes. None of the melanotic choroidal lesions exhibited clumps of orange pigment or drusen on its surface. The lesion was unilateral and unifocal in 36 of the 37 patients. One patient had bilateral choroidal melanocytosis that was isolated in one eye but associated with partial iris melanocytosis in the fellow eye. Three adult patients had a choroidal melanoma localized to the patch of choroidal melanocytosis at baseline. One other adult patient had a choroidal melanoma in the fellow eye at baseline. One pediatric patient had viable unilateral non-familial retinoblastoma in the fellow eye and two adult patients had a classic choroidal nevus in the fellow eye. None of the flat patches of choroidal melanocytosis that were monitored periodically after initial diagnosis expanded appreciably during follow-up ranging from 4.9 months to 15.2 years (mean 5.0 years, median 2.3 years). Conclusions Isolated choroidal melanocytosis is a distinct clinical entity that must be distinguished from broad-based choroidal nevus, choroidal melanocytoma, small choroidal malignant melanoma, acquired bilateral patchy-streaky choroidal melanocytic fundopathy associated with disorders such as cutaneous vitiligo and Waardenburg syndrome, acquired bilateral zonal choroidal melanocytic fundopathy, and diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation associated with systemic cancer. This disorder appears to predispose affected eyes to development of choroidal melanoma arising from the hypermelanotic patch.

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“…Visual acuity is usually markedly impaired in a progressive fashion. In rare instances, unilateral forms of this disorder have been recognized [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated choroidal melanocytosis: clinical update on 37 cases

Augsburger

Brooks

Corrêa

2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…Five reports of possible UDUMP have appeared in the literature, none of which were verify histologically. [18][19][20][21][22] Clinical follow-up when available was brief, averaging less than 6 months (Table, supplement). Since ocular sequential development of BDUMP is known to occur, the lack of sufficient clinical follow up raises concern that sequential or asymmetric ocular involvement had not been excluded.…”

Section: Unilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation (Udump)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Critical Review of Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation and Autoimmune Retinopathy

et al. 2022

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Background: Dozens of paraneoplastic syndromes affect the visual system ranging from conjunctival pemphigoid to encephalopathy of the occipital cortex. The most profiled ocular syndromes are bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and the autoimmune retinopathies. Purpose: To review the critical features of these 2 entities then concentrate on advancements in treatment made within the last 10 years. Study Design: Literature review with structured data abstraction. Results: Major insights into pathogenesis have been wanting. Plasmapheresis appears to improve vision in a substantial proportion of patients with BDUMP. The number of clinical variables that influence visual outcome in paraneoplastic retinopathies combined with the variety of local and systemic treatment options makes interpretation of clinical effectiveness difficult. Conclusions: The rarity of these disorders makes randomized clinical trials unlikely. It may be time for a clinical professional organization to use a modified Delphi method to establish a consensus algorithm for the diagnosis and management of retinal paraneoplastic syndromes to augment clinical communications and clinical trials.

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“…24 Leopard spots: also known as giraffe spots, a chorioretinopathy of characteristic hypo-and hyperpigmented spots. 48,49 25 Maddox wing: a dissociated test to control accommodation in pre-presbyopic patients that utilizes a septum to measure heterophoria at near. 50 26 Molluscum contagiosum: round, centrally umbilicated waxy popular lesions usually occurring in clusters found on the skin and mucous membranes caused by a poxvirus.…”

Section: Ce Credit -Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Eponyms in Eye Care

Hostia¹,

Wells²,

Vlad³

et al. 2021

CRO (Clinical &Amp; Refractive Optometry) Journal

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There are many eponyms derived from the animal world that help describe what is observed during an ophthalmological examination. These zoologically-based eponyms tell a story between the animal kingdom and the human eye. Medical nomenclature could be described as suffering from eponymophilia. Eponymous descriptions are ubiquitous in the field of medicine as seen in text in these fields: dermatology, neurology,and trichology. Eponyms, however practical, are profoundly affected by local geography and culture, which can contribute to confusion and misunderstanding, particularly amongst practitioners from different cultures and locations. Deriving meaning from eponyms often necessitates ethnocentric or linguistically exclusive knowledge. While the debate surrounding whether to continue the use of eponyms in medicine roars on, to the authors’ knowledge, a review of animal eponyms used in ophthalmology has been limited, as such, this manuscript will review animal eponyms encountered in ophthalmology and optometry with the aim to clarify meaning and provide a useful reference for practicing and trainee eye physicians. As this work was undertaken to review commonly encountered conditions, no detailed pathophysiology will be described as it is beyond the scope of this article. Of note, not all eponyms reviewed are based on physical appearances (e.g. chicken eyes). CE Notification: This article is available as a COPE accredited CE course. You may take this course for 1-hour credit. Read the article and take the qualifying test to earn your credit. Click here to Enroll (https://www.crojournal.com/animal-eponyms-in-eye-care)

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A rare case of unilateral diffuse melanocytic proliferation

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Isolated choroidal melanocytosis: clinical update on 37 cases

Isolated choroidal melanocytosis: clinical update on 37 cases

Ocular Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Critical Review of Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation and Autoimmune Retinopathy

Animal Eponyms in Eye Care

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