A rare case of childhood mucous membrane pemphigoid involving the oral and genital mucosa

Abstract

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a rare chronic immunobullous disease that involves the mucous membranes and may result in significant scarring and complications if diagnosis is delayed. MMP typically occurs in elderly patients, with very few cases reported in children. Here, we present a 12-year-old female patient with childhood-onset oral and genital MMP, clinically suspected to be lichen sclerosus, but eventually diagnosed as MMP after multiple supportive biopsies and confirmatory direct immunofluorescence. Although treatment was challenging, the combined use of systemic corticosteroids, dapsone, and mycophenolate mofetil was ultimately successful in achieving disease control.

Case report: Minimal manifestations of mucous membrane pemphigoid in a young adult

“…In young adulthood it is rarely described and sometimes associated with trauma ( 8 ). On the other hand, vulvar or urethral MMP has been described in children as well, while the genital area appears to be more commonly affected than other mucosal surfaces at young age ( 9 ). Altogether, less than 20 cases of isolated genital MMP have been reported in the literature, notably with either children or geriatric patients being affected ( 10 – 13 ).…”

Pemphigoid diseases in infancy and childhood. A review of the literature

“…Pemfigoid błony śluzowej (mucous membrane pemphigoid -MMP) zwykle występuje u pacjentów w podeszłym wieku, z bardzo nielicznymi przypadkami zachorowań u dzieci [14]. Do 2021 roku zgłoszono tylko 24 przypadki dziecięcego MMP [14].…”

“…Pemfigoid błony śluzowej (mucous membrane pemphigoid -MMP) zwykle występuje u pacjentów w podeszłym wieku, z bardzo nielicznymi przypadkami zachorowań u dzieci [14]. Do 2021 roku zgłoszono tylko 24 przypadki dziecięcego MMP [14]. a subgroup of children with localized genital BP, a presentation not described in infants, and other mucosal membrane locations.…”

“…Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) typically occurs in elderly patients, with very few cases reported in children [14]. There have been only 24 cases of pediatric MMP reported until 2021 [14].…”