A rare case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM)

Mirabbasi, Seyed Abbas; Khalighi, Koroush; Mukkamala, Suresh; Kodali, Archana

doi:10.1080/20009666.2017.1324238

Cited by 8 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Preoperative diagnosis of both AHCM and myocardial bridging is commonly performed with cardiac MRI. 1,2 AHCM is also seen on ventriculography and echocardiography as a "spade-shaped" enddiastolic volume. 1,2 Myocardial bridging is typically diagnosed via coronary angiography.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 AHCM is also seen on ventriculography and echocardiography as a "spade-shaped" enddiastolic volume. 1,2 Myocardial bridging is typically diagnosed via coronary angiography. 3,6 However, none of these modalities provide real-time guidance to the surgeon intraoperatively, particularly on a flaccid heart.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apical variant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM,) characterized by nonobstructive hypertrophy of the myocardium in the left ventricular apex, 1 accounts for just 3% of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) cases in the United States. 2 Patients with AHCM, although often asymptomatic, can present with chest pain, heart failure, dyspnea, or syncope. 2 A myocardial bridge, with resultant compression of a coronary artery during systole, is often asymptomatic, but can similarly lead to morbid events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Patients with AHCM, although often asymptomatic, can present with chest pain, heart failure, dyspnea, or syncope. 2 A myocardial bridge, with resultant compression of a coronary artery during systole, is often asymptomatic, but can similarly lead to morbid events. 3 Patients with HCM who require myectomy are rare and only 15% of patients with HCM have a myocardial bridge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epicardial ultrasound in a case of myocardial bridge and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

et al. 2020

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A 59‐year‐old male with a history of unstable angina was diagnosed with a myocardial bridge of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and apical variant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM). He underwent unroofing of the myocardial bridge and a left ventricular apical myectomy. Intraoperatively, epicardial ultrasound was used to identify the myocardial bridge with systolic compression of the LAD and confirm resolution of this compression postoperatively. Furthermore, epicardial ultrasound was used for guiding the degree of apical resection of the decompressed heart. This novel use of intraoperative epicardial ultrasound can help guide surgeons preoperatively and confirm results immediately after an operation.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epicardial ultrasound in a case of myocardial bridge and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

et al. 2020

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“…Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) is a rare variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) [ 1 ]. The prevalence of HCM in the general population has been estimated at 0.2%, of which an estimated 95% of patients have asymmetric hypertrophy of the LV septum, and 25% of patients have associated LV intracavitary obstruction [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in African American Male with Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Volney¹,

Wada²,

Tatusov³

2018

Cureus

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Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) is a rare form of non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It is rarely reported in African American patients, and more commonly reported in Japanese patients. AHCM involves hypertrophy of the apex of the left ventricle. It is considered to have a benign prognosis in terms of cardiovascular mortality, however arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death have been reported. We report a case of a 49-year-old African American male with a history of hypertension, who presented to the emergency department after in field defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest with return of spontaneous circulation after 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Features of left ventricular hypertrophy and deep T-wave inversions in V3-V6 were noted on a 12-lead electrocardiogram which were suggestive of AHCM. Left heart catheterization with left ventriculography and coronary angiography confirmed the diagnosis of AHCM with the classic “ace of spades” sign. This case highlights the rare occurrence of AHCM with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest in an African American male, treated with hypertension management, aspirin, atorvastatin and automated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.

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Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical endomyocardial fibrosis and calcification

et al. 2019

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Rationale: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) is a rare form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which affects predominantly the apex of the left ventricle. Generally, left ventricular enlargement is not present in AHCM; additionally, endomyocardial fibrosis, and calcification are also rare. Patient concerns: A 61-year-old female (Case 1) and a 60-year-old female (Case 2) both presented with the symptoms of atypical chest pain, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, palpitations. Diagnosis: Magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, 2D-transthoracic echocardiogram showed left atrium and ventricular enlargement, as well as endomyocardial fibrosis and calcification. Based on these findings, the patients were diagnosed with AHCM. Interventions: Both the patients were treated with ACEI, metoprolol, and aspirin. Additionally, both these patient underwent genetic test. Outcomes: The results of the genetic test of the 2 cases for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were negative. However, the gene mutation for dilated cardiomyopathy (TMPO) was detected in one of the cases. No change in condition during follow-up. Lessons: In past reports, Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been shown to have a benign prognosis. But in this case report, the imaging studies of the 2 patients suggest a poor prognosis. Furthermore, diagnosing cardiomyopathy should require multimodality imaging examinations to rule out differential diagnoses.

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A rare case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM)

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Epicardial ultrasound in a case of myocardial bridge and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Epicardial ultrasound in a case of myocardial bridge and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in African American Male with Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical endomyocardial fibrosis and calcification

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