A Rapid System of Decay Classification for Hardwood Logs of the Eastern Deciduous Forest Floor

Pyle, Charlotte; Brown, Michelle M.

doi:10.2307/2997221

Cited by 72 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The decomposition stage of dead wood is often estimated with some sort of decay class system (Pyle and Brown, 1998). The decomposition stages are subjectively determined mainly by visual characteristics that correlate to the degree of decay, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass conversion factors (density and carbon concentration) by decay classes for dead wood of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. in boreal forests of Sweden

Sandström¹,

Petersson²,

Kruys³

et al. 2007

Forest Ecology and Management

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For estimating the amount of carbon (C) in dead wood, conversion factors from raw volume per decay class to dry weight were developed using three different classification systems for the species Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and birch (Betula pendula Roth and B. pubescens Ehrh) in Sweden. Also the C concentration in dead wood (dry weight) was studied. About 2500 discs were collected from logs in managed forests located on 289 temporary National Forest Inventory (NFI) sample plots and in 11 strips located in preserved forests. The conversion factors were based on an extensive data compilation with a wide representation of different site-, stand-, species-and dead wood properties and were assumed to represent the population of fallen dead wood in Sweden. The density decreased significantly by decay class and the range in density for decay classes was widest for the NFI decay classification system, suggesting this to be the most suitable. The C concentration in dead wood biomass increased with increasing decay class and in average Norway spruce (Picea abies) showed a lower C concentration than Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The average dead wood C store of Swedish forests was estimated to 0.85 Mg C/ha.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass conversion factors (density and carbon concentration) by decay classes for dead wood of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. in boreal forests of Sweden

Sandström¹,

Petersson²,

Kruys³

et al. 2007

Forest Ecology and Management

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show abstract

“…2, step 2). In some areas, particularly in drier regions where trees die standing, wood can become case hardened whereby compressional strength increases and rotting is inhibited (Erickson 1985, Harmon et al 1995, Pyle and Brown 1998. Case hardening was apparent at some of my eastside sites where a few downed wood pieces were hard and intact or wood was found in piles of brittle fragments near stumps.…”

Section: Decay Characteristics Of Wood Microsites At Timberline-alpinmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Wood Microsites at Timberline-Alpine Meadow Borders for Conifer Regeneration

Johnson¹

2000

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This research aimed to determine whether wood microsites ("nurse logs"), which are regeneration sites in Pacific Northwest (PNW) subalpine forests, supported regeneration at timberline-alpine meadow borders. Upward advance of forests and conifer invasion into alpine meadows, which may be occurring in conjunction with climate warming, have gained worldwide attention. Successful alpine meadow seedling regeneration depends on suitable substrate availability, or microsites, for seedling establishment. To better understand factors associated with wood microsite occurrence, mechanisms of wood input were determined and four specific hypotheses were posed to assess: (1) seedling density and seedling survival; (2) growing season length, summer mean growing temperature, and growing degree hours (GDH); (3) active measures of seedling growth; and (4) global wood microsite climate associations.Of four studies, three were conducted in the Cascade Mountains of Washington state along a west -east precipitation gradient and one study, assessed various microsites globally. For Cascades-related research, wood and adjacent soil substrate temperature, moisture, and associated seedling density, survival, stomatal conductance, water potential, and leaf nitrogen were compared by percent transmitted radiation at 4 to 14 study sites. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests, regressions, and classification and regression trees (CARTs) were used to assess significance of comparisons.Wood microsites, common at 13 of 14 random Cascade sites, had greater seedling densities, greater seedling survival, greater volumetric moisture content (VWC), greater temperature, and greater number of GDH, as compared to adjacent soils. Greater seedling ii densities were positively associated with VWC (> 12%), conditions most commonly associated with wood substrate presence. For sites having > 25% percent transmitted radiation, positive relationships existed between stomatal conductance and VWC.Globally, high-elevation forests with wood microsites had mean annual precipitation from 86 cm to 320 cm and mean annual temperatures from 1.5°C to 4.7°C.In general, wood microsites facilitated alpine meadow regeneration better than adjacent soils. Management implications included enhanced understanding of factors associated with upward forest advance and wood use for restoration. Globally, wood microsites importance is likely underrepresented. Wood microsites role with warming climate will depend on precipitation pattern, timing, magnitude, and frequency.iii

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“…Table 16. Characteristics of DDW decay stages adapted from Maser et al (1979) and Pyle and Brown (1998). Table reproduced from Jenkins et al (2004).…”

Section: Stand Level Sample Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Technical Report for Forestry Biofuel Statewide Collaboration Center (Michigan)

LaCourt¹,

Miller²,

Shonnard³

2012

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A Rapid System of Decay Classification for Hardwood Logs of the Eastern Deciduous Forest Floor

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

Biomass conversion factors (density and carbon concentration) by decay classes for dead wood of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. in boreal forests of Sweden

Biomass conversion factors (density and carbon concentration) by decay classes for dead wood of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. in boreal forests of Sweden

The Role of Wood Microsites at Timberline-Alpine Meadow Borders for Conifer Regeneration

Final Technical Report for Forestry Biofuel Statewide Collaboration Center (Michigan)

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