A Rapid Screening Test for Aflatoxin‐synthesizing Aspergilli of the <i>flavus‐oryzae</i> Group

Vogel, Patrícia; Rhee, Renée van; Koelensmid, W. A. A. Blanche

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1965.tb02145.x

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Among others, cultivation on coconut agar medium (de Vogel et al 1965;Arseculeratne et al 1969;Lin and Dianese 1976;Davis et al 1987;Abbas et al 2004) has been largely utilized as a preliminary test to detect AF production, by observing the formation of a fluorescent halo around the colony of growing mycelium. Recently, Degola et al (2011) have shown that a liquid formulation of the above-mentioned medium may be used to detect AF by a microplate fluorescent reader-based assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a simple and high-throughput method for detecting aflatoxins production in culture media

Degola

Dall’Asta

Restivo

2012

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To develop a simple, high‐throughput and inexpensive procedure to detect and quantify aflatoxins into the culture media of growing mycelia. Methods and Results: Fungal conidia (Aspergillus flavus) were inoculated into the wells of a microplate containing 200 μl of different formulations of coconut‐derived liquid medium. Time‐dependent production of aflatoxins in the culture media was evaluated by a procedure relying on the UV‐induced fluorescence emission by the toxin, using a microplate reader. These data were validated by comparison with the outputs of a conventional HPLC‐based procedure. Determinations of aflatoxin concentration, according to the fluorimetric procedure, were performed either by withdrawing samples from the plates or by direct ‘in situ’ readings, the latter method reinforcing the high‐throughput feature of the procedure. Fluorescence enhancers (cyclodextrins) did not ameliorate the sensitivity of the procedure to low concentrations of the toxin into the medium. The efficacy of the procedure was also validated by testing the effect on toxin yield of adding an antioxidant agent (α‐lipoic acid) to the medium. Conclusions: We give evidence that our improved procedure is reliable and suitable to analyse aflatoxin accumulation time course in coconut‐derived culture medium. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study shows that our procedure may profitably be used to give insights into the mechanisms of regulation of mycotoxin production and, consequently, to implement different strategies for the containment of aflatoxin contamination of food and feed commodities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a simple and high-throughput method for detecting aflatoxins production in culture media

Degola

Dall’Asta

Restivo

2012

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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“…radiation have been the subject of research since the 1960s. Early work with natural media used peanuts or coconut in a Czapek-Dox medium with Hyflo-Supercel added to produce a white background (de Iongh et al 1964; de Vogel et al 1965; Arseculeratne et al 1969). Preparation of these media in large volumes is time-consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of toxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus and related species on coconut cream agar

Dyer

McCammon

1994

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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A new readily-prepared medium, coconut cream agar, was developed for the detection of aflatoxin production by isolates of Aspergillus flavus and related species. Coconut cream agar, which comprised coconut cream (50%) and agar (1.5%), detected isolates of A. flavus more effectively than the synthetic media tested and was as effective as media containing desiccated coconut. Fluorescence colouring of colonies grown on coconut cream agar could be used to differentiate A. flavus from A. parasiticus and A. nomius. In addition, conidial colour of A. flavus and A. nomius was quite distinct from that of A. parasiticus.

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“…Loss or attenuation of aflatoxigenicity by originally highly toxic strains of A.flavus and A . parasiticus has been reported after serial transfers in the laboratory on synthetic and natural substrates for mass transfers (Kulik & Holaday, 1966;DeVogel et al, 1965), single spore isolates (Mayne et al, 1971) and after exposure to barium ions (Lee & Townsley, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins and Anthraquinones from Diploids of Aspergillus parasiticus

Bennett

1979

Journal of General Microbiology

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127Three spore colour, two mycelial colour and 12 auxotrophic mutants were isolated from an aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus. These mutants and heterozygous diploids formed by pairwise combinations of auxotrophs were assayed for aflatoxin production ; norsolorinic acid and versicolorin A production were also assayed in the diploids. In general, introduction of an auxotrophic marker lowered aflatoxin production in haploids. The green-spored, prototrophic diploids resembled haploid wild-type strains in that they produced high levels of aflatoxin, low levels of versicolorin A, and no detectable norsolorinic acid. Parasexual analysis of segregants from four heterozygous diploids was hampered by the uniform conidiospore diameter of haploids and diploids and by the non-random recovery of genotypes among somatic segregants with and without treatment with p-fluorophenylalanine. Nevertheless, this technique is useful for recombinational analysis of mutants blocked in aflatoxin synthesis. The fortuitous association of mycelial pigmentation with certain blocked aflatoxin mutants should prove useful in future analyses of the genetics and biosynthesis of these economically important secondary metabolites.

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A Rapid Screening Test for Aflatoxin‐synthesizing Aspergilli of the flavus‐oryzae Group

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Development of a simple and high-throughput method for detecting aflatoxins production in culture media

Development of a simple and high-throughput method for detecting aflatoxins production in culture media

Detection of toxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus and related species on coconut cream agar

Aflatoxins and Anthraquinones from Diploids of Aspergillus parasiticus

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