A Rapid Method to Measure Serum Retinol Concentrations in Japanese Black Cattle Using Multidimensional Fluorescence

Abstract

Vitamin A levels in fattening Japanese Black cattle affect meat quality; therefore, it is important to monitor serum retinol concentrations. To simplify and accelerate the evaluation of serum retinol concentrations in cattle, we developed a new predictive method using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectrophotometry. For analytical comparison, the concentration of serum retinol was also measured using the conventional HPLC method. We examined excitation (Ex) and emission (Em) wavelengths of cattle serum, which were 250–450 and 250–600 nm, respectively. Parallel factor analysis separated four components from EEM data, one of which was related to retinol. Next, a partial least square regression model was created using the obtained EEMs as explanatory variables and accrual measurement values as objective variables. The determination coefficient value (R2), root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP), and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of the model were determined. A comparison with reference values found that R2, RMSEP, and RPD of the calibration model were 0.95, 6.4 IU/dl, and 4.2, respectively. This implies that EEM can estimate the serum retinol concentration with high accuracy. Additionally, the fluorescent peaks that contributed to the calibration, which were extracted from the regression coefficient and variable importance in projection plots, were Ex/Em = 320/390 and 330/520 nm. Thus, we assume that this method observes not only free retinol, but also retinol-binding protein. In conclusion, multidimensional fluorescence analysis can accurately and quickly determine serum retinol concentrations in fattening cattle.

Intrahepatic eosinophilic proliferative phlebitis in Japanese black cattle indicate allergies involving mast cell tryptase-dependent activation

“…Serum VA concentration was a little low even in healthy cattle (27-33 months age, 62.6 ± 4.8 IU/dl, n = 5) than the normal range 93.3 ± 14.8 IU/dl ( 11 , 12 ). Furthermore, EPP cattle (25–35 months age, 30.9 ± 10.2 IU/dl, n = 10) were suggested to a correlation with severe hypo-VA.…”

Stability of retinol in liposomes as measured by fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy and FLIM

“…Although retinol is a naturally occurring chromophore and widely used pharmaceutical ingredient, its fluorescence properties have not been widely investigated. Steady-state fluorescence is used to measure vitamin A levels in the food and cosmetics industry [37] , [38] , [39] , and time-resolved measurements are of growing interest in studies of the visual cycle [ 40 , 29 ]. Several reasons for this apparent lack of interest in retinol fluorescence are its low quantum yield and broad blue/green emission that overlaps much cellular autofluorescence.…”

Fatty Acids and Bilirubin as Intrinsic Autofluorescence Serum Biomarkers of Drug Action in a Rat Model of Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion

“…Equally important is the role of the liver in the storage and release of vitamin A, or more generally, retinoids, to provide for their availability in the whole organism. The consequent various positive or negative implications account for the efforts devoted to the set-up of a procedure designed to estimate the levels of retinoids in the blood, including the use of cost-effective and fast fluorometric methods [41,[60][61][62][63].…”