A rapid method of identifying mastitis degrees of bovines based on dielectric spectra of raw milk

Abstract

Bovine mastitis is the most complex and costly disease in the worldwide dairy industry. Somatic cell count (SCC) is accepted as an international standard for diagnosing the mastitis of cows, but most instruments used to detect SCC are expensive, or the detection speed is very low. To develop a rapid method for identifying mastitis degree, the dielectric spectra of 301 raw milk samples at three mastitis grades, i.e., negative, weakly positive, and positive grades based on SCC, were obtained in the frequency range of 20-4500 MHz using coaxial probe technology. Variable importance in the projection method was used to select characteristic variables, and principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were used to reduce data dimension. The linear discriminant analysis, support vector classification (SVC), and feed-forward neural network models were established to predict mastitis degrees of cows based on 22 principal components and 24 latent variables obtained by PCA and PLS, respectively. The results showed that the SVC model with PCA had the best classification performance with an accuracy rate of 95.8% for the prediction set. The research indicates that dielectric spectroscopy technology has a great potential in developing a rapid detector to diagnose mastitis of cows in-situ or online.

Cow Milk Quality Determination Using a Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Sensing System for Smart Dairy Farming

“…Smart dairy farming technologies are used to continually and in real time determine cattle milk and health quality indicators in order to maximize nutrition and productivity and to discover health problems at an early stage [1][2][3][4]. The ability to determine the three major milk quality indicators, such as milk fat, protein, and lactose; milk urea nitrogen (MUN), which is the nutritional indicator; and somatic cell count (SCC), which is the mastitis disease indicator, from milk samples taken during milking using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has grown in popularity [5][6][7].…”