A Rapid Method for studying Tumour Blood Supply using Lissamine Green

Ln, Owen

doi:10.1038/187795a0

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…PLATES LXXXIV-LXXXVIII THE localisation of various injected dyes within spontaneous, induced and transplantable tumours of animals has been observed on numerous occasions (Ludford, 1929;Orr, 1937;Burrows, 1939;Duran-Reynals, 1939;Zahl and Waters, 1941 ;Owen, 1960) and similar results have been obtained with human tumours (Brunschwig, Schmitz and Clarke, 1940;Hubbard and Moore, 1949;Bierman et al, 1950). This kind of research was originally done in the hope that this phenomenon could be used to therapeutic advantage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

The ultrastructure and permeability characteristics of the blood vessels of a transplantable rat sarcoma

Underwoodand

Carr

1972

The Journal of Pathology

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Tumour transplantationThe tumour was removed from the donor rats, dissected free from capsule and obvious areas of necrosis, and finely minced with small scissors in a petri dish; 0.05 ml of the mince was injected into the subcutaneous tissues on the right flank of rats with a Bashford syringe and size 14 s.w.g. needle. The recipient animals were healthy adult male albino rats, weighing 200-300 g, from the closed colony at Sheffield University; they were briefly anaesthetised with ether.

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confidence: 60%

The ultrastructure and permeability characteristics of the blood vessels of a transplantable rat sarcoma

Underwoodand

Carr

1972

The Journal of Pathology

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“…Studies with a variety of dyes, microspheres, and radiolabeled tracers have been used to assess regional deficiencies and variations in blood flow within tumors [12][13][14]212]. Several of the tumors studied show striking intratumor inhomogeneities in the distribution of dyes such as Lissamine Green.…”

Section: Blood Flow Dyes and Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypoxic tumor cells may be resistant to chemotherapy because drugs do not penetrate into the avascular areas that contain hypoxic cells [12][13][14], because of differences in the uptake and metabolism of drugs by aerobic and hypoxic cells [11,15], and because hypoxic tumor cells are not proliferating [16,17] or are slowed in their progression through the cell cycle [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor hypoxia: its impact on cancer therapy

1987

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The presence of radiation resistant cells in solid human tumors is believed to be a major reason why radiotherapy fails to eradicate some such neoplasms. The presence of unperfused regions containing hypoxic cells may also contribute to resistance to some chemotherapeutic agents. This paper reviews the evidence that radiation resistant hypoxic cells exist in solid tumors, the assumptions and results of the methods used to detect hypoxic cells, and the causes and nature of tumor hypoxia. Evidence that radiation resistant hypoxic cells exist in the vast majority of transplanted rodent tumors and xenografted human tumors is direct and convincing, but problems with the current methodology make quantitative statements about the magnitude of the hypoxic fractions problematic. Evidence that radiation resistant hypoxic cells exist in human tumors is considerably more indirect than the evidence for their existence in transplanted tumors, but it is convincing. However, evidence that hypoxic cells are a significant cause of local failure after optimal clinical radiotherapy or chemotherapy regimens is limited and less definitive. The nature and causes of tumor hypoxia are not definitively known. In particular, it is not certain whether hypoxia is a chronic or a transient state, whether hypoxic cells are proliferating or quiescent, or whether hypoxic cells have the same repair capacity as aerobic cells. A number of new methods for assessing hypoxia are reviewed. While there are still problems with all of the new techniques, some of them have the potential of allowing the assessment of hypoxia in individual human tumors.

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“…It has been known since the late 1950s that dyes injected into the blood of mice and rats (bearing implanted tumors) or cats and dogs (with spontaneous tumors) can extravasate out of the blood stream and accumulate in tumors. [40][41][42] In 1986, two independent studies showed that: (i) tumor vessels are typically more permeable to large molecules than many normal vessels (studied using rabbits with transplanted tumors 43 ), and (ii) that some tumors can retain and accumulate large molecules due to reduced clearance (studied using mice with transplanted tumors 44 ). These studies formed the foundation to what is known as the "enhanced permeability and retention" (EPR) effect.…”

Section: Epr Controversymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging Bio–Nano Science and Cancer Nanomedicine

et al. 2017

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The interface of bio-nano science and cancer medicine is an area experiencing much progress but also beset with controversy. Core concepts of the field-e.g., the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, tumor targeting and accumulation, and even the purpose of "nano" in cancer medicine-are hotly debated. In parallel, considerable advances in neighboring fields are occurring rapidly, including the recent progress of "immuno-oncology" and the fundamental impact it is having on our understanding and the clinical treatment of the group of diseases collectively known as cancer. Herein, we (i) revisit how cancer is commonly treated in the clinic and how this relates to nanomedicine; (ii) examine the ongoing debate on the relevance of the EPR effect and tumor targeting; (iii) highlight ways to improve the next-generation of nanomedicines; and (iv) discuss the emerging concept of working with (and not against) biology. While discussing these controversies, challenges, emerging concepts, and opportunities, we explore new directions for the field of cancer nanomedicine.

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A Rapid Method for studying Tumour Blood Supply using Lissamine Green

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

The ultrastructure and permeability characteristics of the blood vessels of a transplantable rat sarcoma

The ultrastructure and permeability characteristics of the blood vessels of a transplantable rat sarcoma

Tumor hypoxia: its impact on cancer therapy

Bridging Bio–Nano Science and Cancer Nanomedicine

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