A rapid and simple method for the removal of dyes and organophosphorus pesticides from water and soil samples using deep eutectic solvent embedded sponge

Recent Applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Environmental Analysis

“…The unique features of DESs have boosted their applications in analytical chemistry, especially as alternative extraction solvents in sample preparation. In this sense, as can be seen in Table 1 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], these solvents have been successfully employed for the evaluation of plastic migrants [11,16], pharmaceuticals [12,13,17,19], pesticides [14,15,18,25], dyes [15], hormones [16], ultraviolet (UV)-filters [16,21], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [22] and explosives [24] in different environmental matrices, mainly water samples [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21,22,24,25] and to a lesser extent in soil samples [15,24]. Among the types of DESs used with this purpose, HDESs have signif...…”

“…Among the types of DESs used with this purpose, HDESs have significantly replaced hydrophilic DESs, since they overcome the limitations for the separation of target analytes from aqueous medium [11][12][13][14]17,18,21,24]. Although quasi-HDESs are prepared from medium-chain quaternary ammonium salts and medium-chain fatty acids [15,19,22], combinations of more than two components to form ternary DESs (TDESs) [16], as well as ChCl-based hydrophilic DESs combined with nanomaterials [25] have also been investigated as extractants of organic contaminants from environmental samples. In addition, ChCl-based DESs have also been applied to capture CO 2 from natural gas [20] and biomass delignification [23].…”

“…In addition, ChCl-based DESs have also been applied to capture CO 2 from natural gas [20] and biomass delignification [23]. Regarding the extraction procedures, the application of DESs has taken place in various microextraction techniques including liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) [11,13,[15][16][17][18]21,22] and its dispersive mode (DLLME) [12,14,19], assisted by vortex (VA) [11,15,19], ultrasounds (UA) [14,18,22], air cycles of pulling in/pushing out [16,21], using a mechanical shaker (SA) [17], controlled by pH changes [13] and solidifying the floating organic droplet (SFOD) after the extraction process [16,22], as well as in solid-phase extraction in its magneticmicro-dispersive mode (m-µ-dSPE) [24,25]. A heating and stirring extraction has also been developed [23].…”

“…As can be seen in Figure 1, Raynie and GAPI pictograms also confirmed these results. However, other studies in which the phase separation has only been favoured by mechanical assistance (i.e., VA, SA, UA and air-assisted (AA) methods) can also be found in the literature [11,15,[17][18][19]21]. In these cases, the analytical procedures are simpler, faster and cheaper since the use of additional solvents or solutions is avoided.…”

Ultrasound-Assisted Adsorption of Basic Blue 41 onto Salda mud: Optimization and Error Analysis

“…Rapid population growth, unplanned urbanization, unplanned industrialization, and industrial wastewater are the main reasons for water pollution (5). For this reason, the importance of wastewater treatment has become vital for aquatic environments, animals, and humans (6)(7). The low-cost based treatment, operation simplicity, and green chemistry play an important role in the treatment of textile-based dye wastewater (8)(9)(10).…”