A rapid and efficient method to prepare exfoliated graphite by microwave irradiation

Wei, Tong; Fan, Zhuangjun; Luo, Guilian; Zheng, Chao; Xie, Dashou

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2008.10.013

Cited by 132 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Figure 2b shows a microwave-treated exfoliated amorphous graphite surface with a structure which is different from that of flake graphite. In both cases, the stucture is different to the worm-like structure reported by Wei et al (2008) for microwave-exfoliated flake graphite surfaces. This result highlights the different effect of the treatment process on the resulting structure.…”

Section: Characterization Of Eutectic Pcm Compositescontrasting

confidence: 69%

Effects of various types of graphite on the thermal conductivity and energy storage properties of ternary eutectic fatty acid-based composite as phase change material

Jebasingh¹

2016

Renewables

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Energy is the greatest challenge facing the environment. Energy efficiency can be improved by energy storage by management of distribution networks, thereby reducing cost and improving energy usage efficiency. This research investigated the energy efficiency achieved by adding various types of graphite (e.g., flake and amorphous) to organic-based ternary eutectic mixtures like capric acid (CA)-myristic acid (MA)-palmitic acid (PA)-based composite phase change materials (PCMs) under the assistance of ultrasonication to improve thermal properties for thermal energy storage. The graphite was surface modified under a Fresnel lens by using concentration of solar rays, then exfoliation of flake graphite by solar irradiation (xG-F) and exfoliation of amorphous graphite by microwave irradiation (xG-A). For each type of graphite exfoliation, ternary eutectic mixtures with mass concentrations of 5 wt% were prepared. The structure, thermal energy storage properties, and thermal stability of the composite PCM were investigated. Thermal conductivity of the samples in the liquid phase was measured using the transient line source method (KD2Pro). The thermal conductivity was increased by loading xG while energy storage properties were slightly decreased. Furthermore, CA-MA-PA + 5 % xG-F has a slightly modified phase change temperature and enthalpy of melting (T m = 17.5 °C; ΔH m = 143.7 J/g) and freezing (T f = 6.7 °C; ΔH f = 125.5 J/g); this PCM showed higher thermal conductivity of 0.170 W/(m K), representing an increase of up to 114 % relative to the parent material. On the basis of the above results, xG-A was cheaper than xG-F, but they decrease the energy storage capacity according to DSC results obtained at 2 °C/min. CA-MA-PA/xG-F has more potential for use in low temperature energy storage applications.

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Section: Characterization Of Eutectic Pcm Compositescontrasting

confidence: 69%

Effects of various types of graphite on the thermal conductivity and energy storage properties of ternary eutectic fatty acid-based composite as phase change material

Jebasingh¹

2016

Renewables

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“…161 EG has also been prepared by MWI quickly (4 min); the mixture of natural graphite with nitric acid and potassium permanganate was directly heated in a microwave oven. 162 The preparation of reduced graphene oxide has also been reported by simultaneous exfoliation and reduction of GO under dry conditions (without using any chemicals or solvents)…”

Section: Microwave Assisted Reduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene based metal and metal oxide nanocomposites: synthesis, properties and their applications

et al. 2015

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“…)The most notable features of microwave exfoliation are immediacy and effectiveness. The exfoliation is completed within a minute in most cases [23,[25][26][27][28][29], and higher volume expansion is observed than with the conventional method using an electrical furnace at over 1000°C [25,28] (Table 3). In addition, relatively uniform expansion [21], dry- [20].…”

Section: Microwave Heating Of Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave heating of carbon-based solid materials

Kim

Lee²,

Lee³

2014

Carbon letters

138

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As a part of the electromagnetic spectrum, microwaves heat materials fast and efficiently via direct energy transfer, while conventional heating methods rely on conduction and convection. To date, the use of microwave heating in the research of carbon-based materials has been mainly limited to liquid solutions. However, more rapid and efficient heating is possible in electron-rich solid materials, because the target materials absorb the energy of microwaves effectively and exclusively. Carbon-based solid materials are suitable for microwave-heating due to the delocalized pi electrons from sp2-hybridized carbon networks. In this perspective review, research on the microwave heating of carbon-based solid materials is extensively investigated. This review includes basic theories of microwave heating, and applications in carbon nanotubes, graphite and other carbon-based materials. Finally, priority issues are discussed for the advanced use of microwave heating, which have been poorly understood so far: heating mechanism, temperature control, and penetration depth.

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A rapid and efficient method to prepare exfoliated graphite by microwave irradiation

Cited by 132 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of various types of graphite on the thermal conductivity and energy storage properties of ternary eutectic fatty acid-based composite as phase change material

Effects of various types of graphite on the thermal conductivity and energy storage properties of ternary eutectic fatty acid-based composite as phase change material

Graphene based metal and metal oxide nanocomposites: synthesis, properties and their applications

Microwave heating of carbon-based solid materials

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