A randomized trial of the effects of two types of short-term hypocaloric diets on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Stamets, Kelly; Taylor, Denise; Kunselman, Allen R.; Demers, Laurence M.; Pelkman, Christine; Legro, Richard S.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.08.023

Cited by 235 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Ideal dietary composition also requires clarification in patients with PCOS. In obese women with PCOS, varying protein content did not improve outcomes (Moran et al, 2003;Stamets et al, 2004). When similar energy and protein diets with variable fat contents were studied, effects on insulin levels, but not IR, were noted (Douglas et al, 2006).…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Management Of Obesity In Pcos Patientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Rachoń

Teede

2010

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

128

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Insulin resistance (IR) is a consequence of obesity, and in women it is often inextricably linked with ovarian function leading to clinical reproductive manifestations such as early menarche onset, subfertility and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Likewise, the dramatic fall in oestrogen production after menopause may contribute to weight gain and changes in adipose tissue distribution.Overall, women who are obese, especially those with reproductive complications including PCOS, have been identified as specific high risk subgroups for further progression through to prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and potentially cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review focuses on the interrelationship between the ovarian function and obesity as well as its treatment strategies.

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Section: Non-pharmacological Management Of Obesity In Pcos Patientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Rachoń

Teede

2010

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

128

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“…Both diet decreased weight (7.5%) and abdominal fat (12.5%), and improved pregnancy rates, menstrual cyclicity, lipid profile, and insulin resistance, but without significant difference based on diet composition. Similarly, a randomized-controlled trial comparing high-protein and high-carbohydrate diets did not find significant differences in weight loss and clinical or biochemical improvements between diets [129]. However, based on the hypothesis that accumulation of fatty acids in androgen-secreting cells may play an important role in PCOS pathophysiology, fat composition of the diet might prove to be more important than other macronutrients.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Baptiste

Battista

Trottier

et al. 2010

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

260

199

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. But most experts consider that hyperandrogenism is the main characteristic of PCOS. Several theories propose different mechanisms to explain PCOS manifestations: (1) a primary enzymatic default in the ovarian and/or adrenal steroidogenesis; (2) an impairment in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion that promotes luteal hormone (LH) secretion; or (3) alterations in insulin actions that lead to insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia. However, in the past 20 years there has been growing evidence supporting that defects in insulin actions or in the insulin signalling pathways are central in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Indeed, most women with PCOS are metabolically insulin resistant, in part due to genetic predisposition and in part secondary to obesity. But some women with typical PCOS do not display insulin resistance, which supports the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition specific to PCOS that would be revealed by the development of insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia in most, but not all, women with PCOS. However, these hypotheses are not yet appropriately confirmed, and more research is still needed to unravel the true pathogenesis underlying this syndrome. The present review thus aims at discussing new concepts and findings regarding insulin actions in PCOS women and how it is related to hyperandrogenemia.

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“…Both were small randomized trials comparing the effects on reproductive function of low protein (15% of energy) vs. high protein (30% of energy) diets for weight loss among overweight women with PCOS 11,12 . The protein content of diet had no effect on reproductive function in these studies, although there were some improvements in menstrual cyclicity 12 and reductions in circulating androgens 11 as a result of improved insulin sensitivity due to weight loss. It is not clear, however, whether the amount of dietary protein in a weight maintenance diet influences reproductive function.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much evidence indicates that insulin sensitivity, which can be affected by diet 4 , is an important determinant of ovulatory function and fertility 5,6 . The amount and sources of protein in diet have been found to influence insulin sensitivity [7][8][9][10] , yet high-protein, lowcalorie diets have been found not to influence reproductive parameters beyond their effects on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 11,12 . However, it is not currently known whether the amount or source of dietary protein affects ovulatory function or fertility among healthy women not in weight loss diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein intake and ovulatory infertility

Chavarro

Rich‐Edwards

Rosner

et al. 2008

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

135

100

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Objective-To evaluate whether intake of protein from animal and vegetable origin is associated with ovulatory infertility.Study Design-18,555 married women without a history of infertility were followed as they attempted a pregnancy or became pregnant during an eight year period. Dietary assessments were related to the incidence of ovulatory infertility.Results-During follow-up, 438 women reported ovulatory infertility. The multivariate-adjusted relative risk [RR] (95% CI; P, trend) of ovulatory infertility comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of animal protein intake was 1.39 (1.01 -1.90; 0.03). The corresponding RR (95% CI; P, trend) for vegetable protein intake was 0.78 (0.54 -1.12; 0.07). Further, consuming 5% of total energy intake as vegetable protein rather than as animal protein was associated with a more than 50% lower risk of ovulatory infertility (P = 0.007).Conclusions-Replacing animal sources of protein with vegetable sources of protein may reduce ovulatory infertility risk.

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A randomized trial of the effects of two types of short-term hypocaloric diets on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Cited by 235 publications

References 40 publications

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Protein intake and ovulatory infertility

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