A randomized trial of prewarming on patient satisfaction and thermal comfort in outpatient surgery

Effects of perioperative warm socks‐wearing in maintaining core body temperature of patients undergoing spinal surgery

“…Results of previous studies using other warming systems such as self‐warming blanket (Cheon & Yoon, ; Rosenkilde, Vamosi, Lauridsen, & Hasfeldt, ), warmed IV fluid (Woolnough, Allam, Hemingway, Cox, & Yentis, ), warmed irrigation fluid (Aksu, Içli, Toker, & Solak, ) or warm air (Akhtar et al., ; Shin et al., ) were also similar to our findings. Cheon and Yoon () reported that 30‐min prewarmed blanket was effective in preventing the core body temperature drop for 2 and 3 hr after induction of spinal anaesthesia in elderly patients with total hip replacement.…”

Effect of preoperative warming on intraoperative hypothermia: a randomized-controlled trial

“…Meta-analysis of pre-warming studies indicates that it is effective in reducing redistribution hypothermia one hour after induction of general anesthesia by 0.42°C (95% CI, 0.27 to 0.57; P\ 0.001). 15 We noted a similar effect in our study with the mean temperature for the pre-warmed group 0.32°C higher than for the control group at 60 min after induction of general anesthesia (95% CI, 0.16 to 0.49°C; P \ 0.001). Changes in clinical routine, differences in warming system efficacy, and attention to maintaining perioperative normothermia may contribute to the diminished redistribution hypothermia observed.…”

“…[11][12][13] Preoperative forced-air warming (i.e., pre-warming) reduces the potential for heat loss that occurs during post-induction redistribution by cutaneously transferring heat to peripheral tissues, thereby decreasing the core-toperiphery temperature gradient and in turn reducing the overall incidence of hypothermia. 11,14 Inconsistency in the adoption of preoperative temperature management into clinical practice remains because of the uncertain impact of reducing redistribution hypothermia 15 and the impracticality of using the most widely reported prewarming duration of 60 min 16,17 in a busy operating room environment. Improved characterization of the effects of pre-warming on intraoperative hypothermic exposure to identify the magnitude of hypothermia for a wide variety of surgical procedures may assist in understanding the extent to which different hypothermic patterns contribute to clinically important outcomes and how they may be impacted by pre-warming.…”

Preventing Inadvertent Hypothermia in Patients Undergoing Major Spinal Surgery: A Nonrandomized Controlled Study of Two Different Methods of Preoperative and Intraoperative Warming

“…This corresponds with Akhtar et al who found only a small redistribution hypothermia in patients who were not prewarmed, thus supporting our findings. 24 Sessler argues that the initial reduction in core temperature is difficult to treat since it is caused by redistribution of heat from 8 the core to the peripheral tissue due to anesthetic induced vasodilatation and impaired autonomic temperature regulation. Moola and Lockwood argue that prewarming is effective in preventing redistribution hypothermia, especially one hour after induction of anesthesia.…”