A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Trial of Adenosine as an Adjunct to Reperfusion in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMISTAD-II)

Ross, Allan M.; Gibbons, Raymond J.; Stone, Gregg W.; Kloner, Robert A.; Alexander, R. Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.02.061

Cited by 520 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The use of intravenous adenosine after primary coronary stenting reduced the infarct size [627]. Clinical outcomes in patients with acute MI undergoing reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis) were not significantly improved with adenosine infusion (3-h infusion of 50 or 70 μg/kg/min) [628]. However, it was reported later that continuous infusion of adenosine for 3 h improved left ventricular function and reduced infarct size in patients with ST-segment elevation MI [629].…”

Section: Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac purinergic signalling in health and disease

Burnstock

Pelleg

2014

Purinergic Signalling

115

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This review is a historical account about purinergic signalling in the heart, for readers to see how ideas and understanding have changed as new experimental results were published. Initially, the focus is on the nervous control of the heart by ATP as a cotransmitter in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory nerves, as well as in intracardiac neurons. Control of the heart by centers in the brain and vagal cardiovascular reflexes involving purines are also discussed. The actions of adenine nucleotides and nucleosides on cardiomyocytes, atrioventricular and sinoatrial nodes, cardiac fibroblasts, and coronary blood vessels are described. Cardiac release and degradation of ATP are also described. Finally, the involvement of purinergic signalling and its therapeutic potential in cardiac pathophysiology is reviewed, including acute and chronic heart failure, ischemia, infarction, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, syncope, hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, angina, diabetic cardiomyopathy, as well as heart transplantation and coronary bypass grafts.

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Section: Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac purinergic signalling in health and disease

Burnstock

Pelleg

2014

Purinergic Signalling

115

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“…However, so far there are no data from large-scale clinical trials or from more selective adenosine receptor ligands. In addition, a large-scale trial where adenosine was administrated as an adjunct to reperfusion in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction concluded that adenosine did not prevent the development of heart failure but was able to significantly reduce the infract size (Ross et al, 2005). Parkinson's disease is also another example of pathology where targeting of the adenosine receptors seem to have a therapeutic potential (Lopes et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological targeting of adenosine receptor signaling

Peleli

Fredholm

Sobrevía

et al. 2017

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

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Please cite this article as: Peleli, M., Fredholm, B., Sobrevia, L., Carlström, M., Pharmacological targeting of adenosine receptor signaling, Molecular Aspects of Medicine (2017Medicine ( ), doi: 10.1016Medicine ( / j.mam.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractAdenosine receptor signaling plays important roles in normal physiology, but is also known to modulate the development or progression of several different diseases. The design of new, efficient, and safe pharmacological approaches to target the adenosine system may have considerable therapeutic potential, but is also associated with many challenges. This review summarizes the main challenges of adenosine receptor targeted treatment including tolerance, disease stage, cell type-specific effects, caffeine intake, adenosine level assessment and receptor distribution in vivo. Moreover, we discuss several potential ways to overcome these obstacles (i.e., the use of partial agonists, indirect receptor targeting, allosteric enhancers, prodrugs, non-receptor-mediated effects, neoreceptors, conditional knockouts). It is important to address these concerns during development of new and successful therapeutic approaches targeting the adenosine system.

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“…31) Nicorandil is a hybrid of a mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mK ATP ) opener and nitric oxide. Nicorandil can augment ischemic tolerance of myocytes and coronary microvasculature because it can mimic and/or augment ischemic preconditioning (IPC).…”

Section: Medical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology and Clinical Implications of Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Ito

2014

Int. Heart J.

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SummaryIn patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), coronary microvasculatures are often damaged irreversibly due to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, and fl ow to the previously ischemic myocardium is markedly reduced, a phenomenon known as the "no-refl ow phenomenon". Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may accelerate embolization of plaque gruels and microthrombi to the microvessels, which further reduces tissue perfusion. The extent of the no-refl ow zone correlates with infarct size, and it has additional prognostic information. Recent advances in imaging modalities have enabled us to diagnose the no-refl ow phenomenon and to assess the mechanisms of the no-refl ow phenomenon. Pharmacological interventions and catheter-based devices to retrieve embolic materials have been proposed, and some of them are associated with improvement in clinical outcomes. Thus, we should keep in mind that only the achievement of complete microvascular perfusion is associated with better functional and clinical outcomes in patients with acute MI. (Int Heart J 2014; 55: 185-189) Key words: Echocardiography, Myocardial perfusion, Reperfusion, Myocardial ischemia, Microcirculation, Myocardial viability, Prognosis, Ventricular function A cute myocardial infarction (MI) is caused by obstruction of a coronary artery by a thrombus on a ruptured plaque. Salvaging threatened myocardium after acute coronary occlusion has been a key therapeutic objective. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with coronary stenting is widely performed for this purpose. PCI, however, does not necessarily guarantee the recovery of blood fl ow at the microvascular level, because myocardial ischemia often injures the coronary microvasculature structurally.1-3) This is called the noreflow phenomenon.4) If this phenomenon occurs, it significantly attenuates the benefi cial impacts of reperfusion therapy, resulting in poor clinical and functional outcomes. [1][2][3]5) The PCI procedure itself may worsen the microvascular function. Balloon inflation and stenting may introduce embolization of plaque and thrombus debris, resulting in obstruction in distal coronary small arteries and arterioles. Atheroembolism and/or thromboembolism could limit the effi cacy of PCI. 6)Attention is currently shifting from "no-fl ow" to "no-refl ow". We should ascertain the patency to determine the status of the coronary microvasculature in each patient with acute MI in order perform risk stratifi cation. With the advancement of imaging modalities, which include myocardial contrast echocardiography, Doppler guidewire, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, the number of patients with the no-refl ow phenomenon has increased compared to the rates that we deemed. Our ultimate therapeutic goal is to achieve successful microvascular reperfusion. In this review, I attempt to provide an in-depth understanding of the no-refl ow phenomenon from the bench to the bedside.

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A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Trial of Adenosine as an Adjunct to Reperfusion in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMISTAD-II)

Cited by 520 publications

References 39 publications

Cardiac purinergic signalling in health and disease

Cardiac purinergic signalling in health and disease

Pharmacological targeting of adenosine receptor signaling

Etiology and Clinical Implications of Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

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