A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of flexible doses of levomilnacipran ER (40–120 mg/day) in patients with major depressive disorder

Abstract

ObjectiveLevomilnacipran ER is a potent and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Efficacy and safety have been evaluated in five Phase II/III studies, four of which met the pre-specified primary efficacy outcome. Results of the negative trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00969150) are reported here.MethodsA Phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing flexible-dose levomilnacipran ER 40–120 mg/day with placebo was conducted in outpatients with MDD. Patients met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD, had a current episode of depression of at least 4 weeks’ duration, and a Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score ≥30. The study comprised a 1-week, single-blind, placebo lead-in, 8-week double-blind treatment, and a 2-week down-taper. The primary and secondary efficacy measures were change from baseline to Week 8 in MADRS and Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) total scores, respectively, analyzed using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures approach. Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs), laboratory and vital sign measures, the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, and the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX).ResultsThree hundred and fifty-five patients received the study drug and had ≥1 post-baseline MADRS total score assessment (ITT Population); 81.9% of placebo and 77.1% of levomilnacipran ER patients completed the study. For levomilnacipran ER vs placebo, MADRS (−15.7 vs −14.2) and SDS (−8.8 vs −8.2) total score improvements, and rates of MADRS response (38.5% vs 34.8%) and remission (25.3% vs 23.8%) were numerically greater but differences were not statistically significant. Levomilnacipran ER was generally well tolerated. More levomilnacipran ER patients vs placebo reported AEs; the most common AEs for levomilnacipran ER were nausea (17%) and headache (16%). Mean changes in most safety measures were small and similar between groups. There were no meaningful differences in total ASEX scores between groups.LimitationsShort duration of treatment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and lack of an active comparator.ConclusionNumerical improvements for levomilnacipran ER vs placebo were detected in this study, but the differences were not statistically significant; levomilnacipran ER was generally well tolerated.

Levomilnacipran ER 40 mg and 80 mg in patients with major depressive disorder: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study

“…In another flexible-dose study, levomilnacipran ER improved depressive symptoms, but did not achieve significant separation from pla cebo. 9 Levomilnacipran ER was generally well tolerated in all 4 studies. We designed the present fixed-dose study to further examine the efficacy, safety and tolerability of levo milnacipran ER at doses of 40 mg/day and 80 mg/day in the treatment of adults with MDD.…”

Levomilnacipran Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers Versus Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Implications for Norepinephrine and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition

“…Information regarding the safety and tolerability of levomilnacipran ER in adults with MDD has been described in several clinical trials. [9][10][11][12]19,20 In general, the AEs reported in patients treated with levomilnacipran ER are comparable to those commonly seen with other SNRIs. 8…”

“…[9][10][11][12]19,20 Briefly, in the LVM-MD-01 trial, the most common treatmentemergent AEs for levomilnacipran ER (incidence Z10%) were headache, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, increased heart rate, and hyperhidrosis. 11…”

Efficacy and safety of multiple doses of levomilnacipran extended-release for the treatment of major depressive disorder

“…These included two fixed-dose trials11,12 and three flexible-dose trials 13–15. Trial durations ranged from 8 to 10 weeks.…”