A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in Infantile Diarrhea

Misra, Sudipta; Sabui, Tapas; Pal, Nishith Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.01.060

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The conclusion is that L. rhamnosus GG had no impact on the total stool volume but did reduce the duration of diarrhea, particularly in the context of a rotavirus etiology. In contrast, four trials in children and infants with enterovirulent bacterium-or rotavirus-and enterovirulent bacterium-induced diarrhea showed no decrease in the daily number of stools or duration of diarrhea after treatment with L rhamnosus GG (313)(314)(315)(316). Multicenter and other RCTs in children and infants have shown that the administration of L. reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri ATCC 55730) shortened the duration of acute diarrhea and lowered the diarrhea relapse rate (282,(317)(318)(319).…”

Section: Therapeutic Effects Against Various Forms Of Acute Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Infective Activities of Lactobacillus Strains in the Human Intestinal Microbiota: from Probiotics to Gastrointestinal Anti-Infectious Biotherapeutic Agents

2014

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SUMMARY A vast and diverse array of microbial species displaying great phylogenic, genomic, and metabolic diversity have colonized the gastrointestinal tract. Resident microbes play a beneficial role by regulating the intestinal immune system, stimulating the maturation of host tissues, and playing a variety of roles in nutrition and in host resistance to gastric and enteric bacterial pathogens. The mechanisms by which the resident microbial species combat gastrointestinal pathogens are complex and include competitive metabolic interactions and the production of antimicrobial molecules. The human intestinal microbiota is a source from which Lactobacillus probiotic strains have often been isolated. Only six probiotic Lactobacillus strains isolated from human intestinal microbiota, i.e., L. rhamnosus GG, L. casei Shirota YIT9029, L. casei DN-114 001, L. johnsonii NCC 533, L. acidophilus LB, and L. reuteri DSM 17938, have been well characterized with regard to their potential antimicrobial effects against the major gastric and enteric bacterial pathogens and rotavirus. In this review, we describe the current knowledge concerning the experimental antibacterial activities, including antibiotic-like and cell-regulating activities, and therapeutic effects demonstrated in well-conducted, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of these probiotic Lactobacillus strains. What is known about the antimicrobial activities supported by the molecules secreted by such probiotic Lactobacillus strains suggests that they constitute a promising new source for the development of innovative anti-infectious agents that act luminally and intracellularly in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Therapeutic Effects Against Various Forms Of Acute Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Infective Activities of Lactobacillus Strains in the Human Intestinal Microbiota: from Probiotics to Gastrointestinal Anti-Infectious Biotherapeutic Agents

2014

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“…Eleven of the studies were found to have a low risk of bias, 2 had an unknown risk of bias, and 1 had a high risk of bias. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Fifty percent of the evidence identified evaluated the use of Culturelle in rotaviral diarrhea. Four (57%) of these studies showed a statistically significant benefit for decreasing the duration of diarrhea, while 3 (43%) did not show any benefit.…”

Section: Culturellementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, 2 (29%) of these studies showed a statistically significant benefit for decreasing duration of hospitalization, 4 studies (57%) showed no benefit, and 1 (14%) study did not evaluate duration of hospitalization. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Overall, Culturelle had a low/no evidence base for rotaviral diarrhea.…”

Section: Culturellementioning

confidence: 99%

Survey and Systematic Literature Review of Probiotics Stocked in Academic Medical Centers within the United States

et al. 2013

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Background: Probiotics have a wide variation in their effectiveness in preventing or treating conditions due to the varying beneficial effects of specific probiotic strains. In other words, there is no ''generic equivalency'' between different probiotic species. However, it is has been noted that many practitioners consider probiotics in generic terms and may not realize the impact of these differences between probiotics. Objective: The aims of this study were to identify probiotics used in US academic medical centers and to determine whether those probiotics were supported by a reliable evidence base. Methods: A phone survey of 126 inpatient pharmacies in US academic medical centers was conducted to determine which probiotics were stocked. A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant studies that were then critically evaluated to determine whether the identified probiotics are supported by a reliable evidence base. Results: There was a 90.5% (114/126) response rate of academic medical centers that were contacted through the phone survey. Ten probiotic products were identified through the phone survey. The probiotic most often stocked in academic medical centers was Culturelle (27.2%) followed by Lactinex (25.4%). The systematic search identified evidence that evaluated Culturelle, Florastor, Lactinex, and VSL #3. Of those 4 probiotics, none were supported by a strong evidence base. However, the results suggested that both Culturelle and Florastor appear to be supported by more evidence compared to other probiotics. Conclusion: A majority of academic medical centers did not stock a probiotic that was supported by a reliable evidence base.

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“…These studies included different probiotic strains, like Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus (43), Lactobacillus paracasei (45), Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (23,36), and the probiotic mixture VSL3 (11). Although direct effects have been reported for the addition of different products, such as isoflavones from soy (1), lactose-based sialyl mimetics (31), and medicinal plants (21), on the inhibition of rotavirus replication, to our knowledge there are very few in vivo data that clearly demonstrate the capacity of a probiotic or a probiotic metabolite to inhibit rotavirus infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CECT 7210 Strain Active against Rotavirus Infections

Muñoz

Chenoll

Casinos

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

102

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Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis among children worldwide. It is well known that breast-feeding and vaccination afford infants protection. Since breast-feeding has drastically decreased in developed countries, efforts have been focused on the potential use of probiotics as preventive agents. In this study, a novel Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis strain was isolated from infant feces and selected, based on its capacity to inhibit in vitro rotavirus Wa replication (up to 36.05% infectious foci reduction) and also to protect cells from virus infection (up to 48.50% infectious foci reduction) in both MA-104 and HT-29 cell lines. Furthermore, studies using a BALB/c mouse model have proved that this strain provides preliminary in vivo protection against rotavirus infection. The strain has been deposited in the Spanish Type Culture Collection under the accession number CECT 7210. This novel strain has the main properties required of a probiotic, such as resistance to gastrointestinal juices, biliary salts, NaCl, and low pH, as well as adhesion to intestinal mucus and sensitivity to antibiotics. The food safety status has been confirmed by the absence of undesirable metabolite production and in acute ingestion studies of mice.Overall, these results demonstrate that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CECT 7210 can be considered a probiotic able to inhibit rotavirus infection.

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A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in Infantile Diarrhea

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Anti-Infective Activities of Lactobacillus Strains in the Human Intestinal Microbiota: from Probiotics to Gastrointestinal Anti-Infectious Biotherapeutic Agents

Anti-Infective Activities of Lactobacillus Strains in the Human Intestinal Microbiota: from Probiotics to Gastrointestinal Anti-Infectious Biotherapeutic Agents

Survey and Systematic Literature Review of Probiotics Stocked in Academic Medical Centers within the United States

Novel Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CECT 7210 Strain Active against Rotavirus Infections

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