A Randomized Controlled Trial of Custom Foot Orthoses for the Treatment of Plantar Heel Pain

Wrobel, James S.; Fleischer, Adam E.; Crews, Ryan T.; Jarrett, Beth; Najafi, Bijan

doi:10.7547/13-122.1

Cited by 43 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Three studies reported on function at short term and pooled results from two studies showed no significant difference ((SMD −0.27 (95%CI −0.58 to 0.04)), I 2 0%) between sham and custom-made orthoses(online supplementary file 7). Similar results were found in the study that could not be pooled for short-term function 21. One study reported on midterm function and found no difference between both interventions 19.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Landorf et al 15 showed a significantly larger improvement in function at short term for prefabricated orthoses compared with sham orthoses (MD 8.40 (scale 0–100) (95% CI 1.00 to 15.80)), but no difference was seen at long term. Wrobel et al 21 found no significant difference between the two interventions for the Foot Function Index (FFI) at short term21 (online supplementary file 3). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of foot orthoses for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rasenberg¹,

Riel

Rathleff

et al. 2018

Br J Sports Med

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BackgroundPlantar heel pain (PHP) is common. Foot orthoses are often applied as treatment for PHP, even though there is little evidence to support this.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different orthoses on pain, function and self-reported recovery in patients with PHP and compare them with other conservative interventions.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesA systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google Scholar up to January 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials comparing foot orthoses with a control (defined as no intervention, sham or other type of conservative treatment) reporting on pain, function or self-reported recovery in patients with PHP.ResultsTwenty studies investigating eight different types of foot orthoses were included in the review. Most studies were of high quality. Pooled data from six studies showed no difference between prefabricated orthoses and sham orthoses for pain at short term (mean difference (MD) of 0.26 (95% CI −0.09 to 0.60)). No difference was found between sham orthoses and custom orthoses for pain at short term (MD 0.22 (95% CI −0.05 to 0.50)), nor was there a difference between prefabricated orthoses and custom orthoses for pain at short term (MD 0.03 (95% CI −0.15 to 0.22)). For the majority of other interventions, no significant differences were found.ConclusionsFoot orthoses are not superior for improving pain and function compared with sham or other conservative treatment in patients with PHP.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015029659.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of foot orthoses for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rasenberg¹,

Riel

Rathleff

et al. 2018

Br J Sports Med

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“…Data were unable to be obtained from one trial40 after contacting the authors and were excluded from the meta-analysis. Data for ‘first step’ pain in the short term were available from a single trial,27 and no trials reported ‘first step’ pain in the longer term.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot orthoses for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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“…Moreover, the use of custom foot orthoses can effectively reduce foot pain and increase spontaneous physical activity [14], potentially increasing older adults’ adherence and acceptability to foot orthoses in their free-living environment. In the past, Yalla et al [15] conducted a proof-of-concept study and showed that wearing bilateral AFO with a custom-made footplate can immediately improve the postural stability of older adults during balance assessments performed in a laboratory environment, but the benefits of the daily use of this custom-made AFO were not evaluated [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Daily Use of Bilateral Custom-Made Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Balance, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2018

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Background: Foot problems are prevalent in older adults, which may increase the risk and concern for falls. Ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) have been shown to be effective in the stabilization of lower extremities, but their long-term effectiveness in improving balance and their potential to encourage older adults to become more physically active are still debated. Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of daily use of a custom-made AFO on balance, fear of falling, and physical activity in older adults. Study Design: Forty-four older adults with concern about or at risk for falling were randomly allocated to either the control group (CG; 77.3% female, age 75.6 ± 6.5 years, BMI 29.3 ± 6.4) or the intervention group (IG; 63.6% female, age 73.7 ± 6.3 years, BMI = 27.8 ± 4.8). The IG received walking shoes and bilateral custom-made AFO. The CG received only walking shoes. At the baseline and 6-month follow-ups, balance and physical activity were assessed using validated wearable instrumentation and fear of falling was assessed using the Fall Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Adherence and acceptability toward wearing the AFO were assessed using self-reported questionnaires at the 6-month follow-up. Results: No significant between-group difference was observed at baseline (p = 0.144–0.882). Compared to baseline and the CG, hip, ankle, and center-of-mass (COM) sways were significantly reduced at the 6-month follow-up in the IG while standing with the feet together during the eyes-open condition (p = 0.005–0.040). Within the IG, the FES-I was reduced significantly (p = 0.036) and there was an increasing trend in the number of walking bouts with a medium effect size (d = 0.52, p = 0.440) compared to baseline. However, there were no significant changes in FES-I and physical activity measures in the CG (p = 0.122–0.894). The reduction in COM sway in the IG was moderately correlated with adherence (r = –0.484, p = 0.047) and strongly correlated with baseline COM sway (r = –0.903, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Results suggest that bilateral custom-made AFO plus walking shoes is effective in improving balance compared to walking shoes alone, and it significantly reduces the fear of falling, with a nonsignificant but noticeable positive trend in physical activity, compared to baseline. The results also suggest that older adults with poor balance at baseline and higher daily adherence to using the AFO will gain more benefit from the AFO intervention.

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A Randomized Controlled Trial of Custom Foot Orthoses for the Treatment of Plantar Heel Pain

Cited by 43 publications

References 47 publications

Efficacy of foot orthoses for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Efficacy of foot orthoses for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Foot orthoses for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effectiveness of Daily Use of Bilateral Custom-Made Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Balance, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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