A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of combinations of ‘why to reduce’ and ‘how to reduce’ alcohol harm-reduction communications

Pettigrew, Simone; Booth, Leon; Jongenelis, Michelle; Brennan, Emily; Chikritzhs, Tanya; Hasking, Penelope; Miller, Peter; Hastings, Gerard; Wakefield, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107004

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Therefore, given the dominance of personal responsibility in gamblers’ responses, we would argue that governments have a legislated obligation to move beyond and away from the promotion of responsible gambling paradigms to address the broader determinants of harm. As has been clearly demonstrated in other areas of public health, strong curbs on marketing, the regulation of products (including the components and ingredients), and the right to honest information about the products create conditions which support individuals to engage in ‘responsible’ ways without compromising individual freedom and choice [ 80 – 82 ] are all important components of a comprehensive public health approach. These universal protections may also help to prevent the negative health outcomes and stigma that may eventuate from not being able to be ‘responsible’ with gambling [ 24 ], and money [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamblers’ perceptions of responsibility for gambling harm: a critical qualitative inquiry

et al. 2022

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Background Gambling has traditionally been conceptualised as an issue of addiction and personal responsibility. While there are now clear public health models that recognise that gambling harm is caused by a range of socio-cultural, environmental, commercial and political determinants, government and industry messages about gambling are still largely personal responsibility focused. Given the well-recognised issues associated with personal responsibility paradigms, this study sought to understand how gamblers themselves conceptualised responsibility for gambling harm. Methods A qualitatively led online panel survey was conducted with 363 adult gamblers in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. Participants were asked to respond to what they thought were the causes of gambling harm, and what could be done to prevent harm. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted. Results Six common tropes were constructed from gamblers’ responses: (1) Gambling in moderation; (2) Personal responsibility for rational behaviour; (3) Character flaws; (4) Personal responsibility to seek help; (5) More education is needed; and (6) Governments are responsible for action – but motivation and efficacy are questioned. Gamblers primarily understood gambling harm as being a matter of personal responsibility, and government responsibility was generally seen as limited to providing information to facilitate informed gambling choices. Conclusions This study demonstrates that gamblers’ perceptions of gambling harm are similar to the personal responsibility framings and tropes present in industry and government messaging strategies. Refocusing public communication strategies away from ‘responsible gambling’ messaging, and towards evidence-based approaches, will be an important part of addressing the harms associated with gambling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamblers’ perceptions of responsibility for gambling harm: a critical qualitative inquiry

et al. 2022

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“…Other studies, mainly cross‐sectional in nature, have shown improved knowledge of LTH associated with alcohol and of LRDG in drinkers exposed to similar prevention campaigns [10,21,22]. Although a potential reduction in consumption has also been suggested in some experimental studies [13,14,23], there was very little evidence for this in real‐world conditions [10]. Regarding knowledge of risk thresholds, our study showed a link between exposure and improved knowledge of only one French LRDG guideline, namely ‘two drinks maximum per day’.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Although a potential reduction in consumption has also been suggested in some experimental studies [13,14,23], there was very little evidence for this in real-world conditions [10] observed weekly, making it more difficult to appropriate the expertsuggested threshold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of a French mass‐media campaign in raising knowledge of both long‐term alcohol‐related harms and low‐risk drinking guidelines, and in lowering alcohol consumption

et al. 2022

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Aims To evaluate the effectiveness of a French mass‐media campaign in raising knowledge of both long‐term alcohol‐related harms (LTH) and low‐risk drinking guidelines (LRDG), as well as in lowering alcohol consumption. Design An 8‐month longitudinal survey from February to October 2019, with three waves of on‐line data collection (T0 before the campaign, T1 just after it ended and T2 6 months after it ended). Setting France. Participants A total of 2538 adult drinkers (aged 18–75 years). Measurements The main outcomes’ variables were LTH knowledge (cancer, hypertension, brain haemorrhage), LRDG knowledge (two guidelines: ‘maximum of two drinks a day’ and ‘minimum of 2 days without alcohol per week’), intention to reduce alcohol consumption and self‐declared consumption with respect to the French LRDG. At T1, exposure to the campaign was measured using self‐reported campaign recall. Findings In T1, we observed significant positive interactions between exposure group based on campaign recall and survey waves on knowledge of (i) the ‘maximum two drinks a day’ guideline [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08–1.62, P = 0.008], (ii) brain haemorrhage (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.44–2.25, P < 0.001) and (iii) hypertension (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09–1.81, P = 0.008) risks. Campaign exposure was also associated with a significant decrease in at‐risk drinking in women (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.50–0.88, P = 0.004). No significant interaction was observed at T1 for the knowledge of the ‘minimum of 2 days without alcohol a week’ guideline, or of cancer risk. At T2, no significant interaction was observed for the main outcomes’ variables. Conclusions There appears to be an association between exposure to a 2019 French mass‐media campaign to raise knowledge of long‐term alcohol‐related harms and low‐risk drinking guidelines and reduce alcohol consumption and (i) improved knowledge of the ‘maximum two drinks per day guideline’, (ii) knowledge of the risks of hypertension and brain haemorrhage and (iii) a reduction in the proportion of people exceeding low‐risk drinking guidelines (in the general population only). These associations were only observed over the short term and, in some cases, only for certain segments of the population.

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“…In addition, emphasising that most parents abstain from providing alcohol to their children could challenge misperceptions that provision is commonplace and therefore socially acceptable [8,19,20]. Mass media campaigns that emphasise 'why' it is important to change alcohol-related behaviours are typically more effective at motivating behavioural change [21,22], which could be achieved by conveying information about the harms associated with underage consumption. This approach was characteristic of the campaigns implemented in WA over the observed timeframe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in and factors associated with parental provision of alcohol to minors in Western Australia, 2013–2019

Booth

McCausland

Stafford

et al. 2023

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction Some parents provide alcohol to their underage children, despite a range of negative outcomes being associated with this practice. The present study aimed to assess factors associated with and changes in parental provision behaviours from 2013 to 2019 in Western Australia. Methods Annual cross‐sectional online surveys were conducted (total n = 2635). Assessed variables included parents' demographic characteristics, alcohol use, awareness of the relevant Australian alcohol guideline, attitudes to parental provision of alcohol and provision behaviours. A binary logistic generalised linear model was used to identify factors associated with parental provision of alcohol. Results Parental provision of alcohol prevalence decreased from 40% in 2013 to 27% in 2019. The following variables were significantly associated with parental provision: permissive attitudes to provision (β = 2.82); older parental age (β = 1.28); a lack of knowledge of the relevant guideline (β = 0.78); survey year (β = 0.083); and greater alcohol use (β = 1.12). Socioeconomic position was not associated with parental provision. Female parents were more likely to report that an adult in the household provided children with alcohol (β = 1.3) Discussion and Conclusions The findings suggest that (i) although still commonplace, parental provision of alcohol to minors in Western Australia has declined over time; and (ii) the effectiveness of campaigns aiming to reduce this behaviour may be enhanced by targeting households with parents who are older and heavier drinkers and by including content that challenges permissive views on alcohol provision to minors.

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A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of combinations of ‘why to reduce’ and ‘how to reduce’ alcohol harm-reduction communications

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Gamblers’ perceptions of responsibility for gambling harm: a critical qualitative inquiry

Gamblers’ perceptions of responsibility for gambling harm: a critical qualitative inquiry

Effectiveness of a French mass‐media campaign in raising knowledge of both long‐term alcohol‐related harms and low‐risk drinking guidelines, and in lowering alcohol consumption

Trends in and factors associated with parental provision of alcohol to minors in Western Australia, 2013–2019

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