A randomized controlled double blind trial comparing the effects of the prophylactic antibiotic, Cefazolin, administered at caesarean delivery at two different timings (before skin incision and after cord clamping) on both the mother and newborn

Jyothirmayi, Chinta Annie; Halder, Ajay; Yadav, Bijesh; Samuel, Santosh Thomas; Kuruvilla, Anju; Jose, Ruby

doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1526-y

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Of these, 195 unique articles were selected by title or abstract data; 98/195 of these did not meet the inclusion criteria. This left a total of 99 articles for evaluation: 34 from Asia (Austin et al, 2004;Duerink et al, 2006;Kanafani et al, 2006;Wu et al, 2006;Ali et al, 2009;Buang and Haspani, 2012;Ee et al, 2014;El Beltagy et al, 2010;Khan et al, 2010Khan et al, , 2011Lee et al, 2007Lee et al, , 2010Lee et al, , 2015Malik et al, 2009;Mathur et al, 2013;Memon et al, 2013;Nausheen et al, 2013;Sangrasi et al, 2008;Saramma et al, 2011;Akhter et al, 2016;Al-Mulhim et al, 2014;Bibi et al, 2015;Hey et al, 2017;Jyothirmayi et al, 2017;Mehrabi Bahar et al, 2015;Mundhada and Tenpe, 2015;Ng et al, 2015;Pardhan et al, 2013;Sahu et al, 2016;Shah et al, 2015Shah et al, , 2017Singh et al, 2015;Vaze et al, 2014;Yu et al, 2015), 27 from LATAM (Alvarez-Moreno et al, 2014;Bannura et al, 2016;Barbosa et al, 2004;Bellusse et al, 2015;da Cunha et al, 2011;…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…,Gao et al (2010),Gil-Londoño et al (2016),Giri et al (2008),Hafez et al (2012),Hao et al (2013),Hernaiz-Leonardo et al (2017),Hey et al (2017),Ibrahim et al (2014),Jyothirmayi et al (2017),Kanafani et al (2006),Khan et al (2010),Khan et al (2011),Ledur et al (2011),Lee et al (2007),Lee et al (2010),Lee et al (2015),Legesse Laloto et al (2017),Leon et al (2011),Li et al (2013),Liu et al (2017),Lyimo et al (2013),Madu et al (2011), El Maerrawi and Carvalho (2015),Malik et al (2009),Martins et al (2008),Marwa et al (2015),Mathur et al (2013),Mawalla et al (2011),Mehrabi Bahar et al (2015),Memon et al (2013),Mundhada and Tenpe (2015),Nagaya et al (2017),Ng et al (2015),Ning et al (2014),Nwankwo and Edino (2014),Oliveira and Carvalho (2004),Pardhan et al (2013), Porras-Hernandez et al (2008,Portillo-Gallo et al (2014),Qi et al (2013),Qin et al (2014),Qiu et al (2011),Rabiu ...…”

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confidence: 99%

“…2000),Galal and El-Hindawy (2011),Gao et al (2010),Gil-Londoño et al (2016),Giri et al (2008),Hao et al (2013),Hernaiz-Leonardo et al (2017),Hey et al (2017),Ibrahim et al (2014),Jen et al (2011),Jyothirmayi et al (2017),Kanafani et al (2006),Khan et al (2010),Khan et al (2011),Ledur et al (2011),Lee et al (2007),Lee et al (2010),Lee et al (2015), Legesse Laloto et al (2017), Leon et al (2011), Liu et al (2017), Lyimo et al (2013), Madu et al (2011), El Maerrawi and Carvalho (2015), Malik et al (2009), Martins et al (2008), Marwa et al (2015), Mcharo (2010), Mathur et al (2013), Mawalla et al (2011), Medeiros et al (2005), Mehrabi Bahar et al (2015), Memon et al (2013), Misauno et al (2008), Mundhada and Tenpe (2015), Nausheen et al (2013), Ng et al (2015), Ning et al (2014), Nwankwo and Edino (2014), Oliveira and Carvalho (2004), Pardhan et al (2013), Porras-Hernandez et al (2008), Portillo-Gallo et al (2014), Qi et al (2013), Qin et al (2014), Qiu et al (2011), Rabiu (2017), Ribeiro et al (2013), Richtmann et al (2016), Sahu et al (2016), Sanchez-Arenas et al (2010), Sangrasi et al (2008), Santos et al (2010), Saramma et al (2011), Scherbaum et al (2014), Shah et al (2015), Shah et al (2017), Singh et al (2015), Togo et al (2011), Vaze et al (2014), Vieira et al (2015), Wood et al (2012),Wu et al (2006),Yang et al (2014),Yomayusa et al (2008),Yu et al (2015),Zhou et al (2016),Zhu et al (2001) ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists status score.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Surgical site infection in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in developing countries

Curcio

Cané

Fernández³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is both the most frequently studied healthcare-associated infection and the most common healthcare-associated infection in the developing world. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relative size of this burden and to estimate the prevalence of SSI in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in a large sample of countries in the developing world. Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS databases was conducted to identify studies providing the prevalence of SSI in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in 39 countries or regions around the world. Data of interest were limited to publications from January 2000 to December 2017. Studies with information on the number of cases of SSI and number of total elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries during the same period were included in this evaluation. Studies lacking clear definition of the total number of exposed patients were excluded. Results: Based on the combined data from the 99 articles evaluated in this analysis, the overall prevalence of SSI in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries was estimated to be 6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5-7%). This increased to 15% (95% CI 6-27%) when considering only those reports with post-discharge surveillance data. The overall prevalence of SSI in Africa/Middle East, Latin America, Asia, and China was 10% (95% CI 6-15%), 7% (95% CI 5-10%), 4% (95% CI 4-5%), and 4% (95% CI 2-6%), respectively. Significant variability in the data was confirmed by both the funnel plot and the Egger test (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Although the data are variable, it is clear that the incidence of SSI in the developing world is higher than that in the developed world.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Surgical site infection in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in developing countries

Curcio

Cané

Fernández³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Of the 74 RCTs, 20 were conducted in the United States. All included studies, individual characteristics, and quality assessments are presented in the supplementary material (appendectomy [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] , cesarean section [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] , colorectal surgery , and TRPB [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical procedures decreasing? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Gandra

Trett

Alvarez-Uria

et al. 2018

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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ObjectiveRising antibiotic resistance could reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics in preventing postoperative infections. We investigated trends in the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for 3 commonly performed surgical procedures—appendectomy, cesarean section, and colorectal surgery—and 1 invasive diagnostic procedure, transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Cochrane databases (through October 31, 2017) for randomized control trials (RCTs) that measured the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for 4 index procedures in preventing postoperative infections (surgical site infections [SSIs] following the 3 surgical procedures and a combination of urinary tract infections [UTIs] and sepsis following TRPB).ResultsOf 399 RCTs, 74 studies (9 appendectomy, 11 cesarean section, 39 colorectal surgery, and 15 TRPB) were included. Multilevel logistic regression models with random intercepts for each study showed no statistically significant increase in SSIs over time for appendectomy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per year, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92–1.16; P=.57), cesarean section (aOR per year, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.96–1.05; P=.80), and TRPB (aOR per year, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77–1.18; P=.67). However, there was a significant increase in SSIs proportion following colorectal surgery (aOR per year, 1.049; 95% CI, 1.03–1.07; P<.001).ConclusionThe efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis agents in preventing SSIs following colorectal surgery has declined. Small number of RCTs and low infections rates limited our ability to assess true effect for simple appendectomy, cesarean section, or TRPB.

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“…Nevertheless, despite the high coverage rate of prophylactic antibiotics, the SSI cohort had a higher frequency of missing antibiotic doses over the first 2 days post-CS compared to the controls. It is known that prophylactic antibiotics work synergistically with the appropriate antiseptic measures before and during surgery [22,23], so such factors might also have impacted the observed low SSI rate. Indeed, it is widely recognised that infection prevention requires the integration of a range of control procedures before, during and after surgery [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal caesarean section infection (MACSI) in Sierra Leone: a case–control study

et al. 2020

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Sierra Leone is the country with highest maternal mortality and infections are the underlying cause in 11% of maternal deaths, but the real burden remains unknown. This study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection (SSI) post-caesarean section (CS) in women admitted to Princess Christian Maternity Hospital (PCMH) in Freetown, Sierra Leone. A prospective case–control (1:3 ratio) study was implemented from 1 May 2018 to 30 April 2019 and 11 women presenting with suspected or confirmed infection post-CS were screened for inclusion as a case. For each case, three patients undergoing CS on the same day and admitted to the same ward, but not presenting with SSI, were selected as controls. The post-CS infection rate was 10.9%. Two hundred and fifty-four clinically confirmed cases were enrolled and matched with 762 control patients. By multivariable analysis, the risk factors for SSI were: being single (odds ratio (OR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36–1.66), low education level (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.55–1.84), previous CS (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10–1.52), presenting with premature membranes rupture (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.18–1.88), a long decision–incision time (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.74–2.24) and a high missing post-CS antibiotic doses rate (OR 2.52, 95% CI 2.10–2.85).

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A randomized controlled double blind trial comparing the effects of the prophylactic antibiotic, Cefazolin, administered at caesarean delivery at two different timings (before skin incision and after cord clamping) on both the mother and newborn

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Surgical site infection in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in developing countries

Surgical site infection in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in developing countries

Is the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical procedures decreasing? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Maternal caesarean section infection (MACSI) in Sierra Leone: a case–control study

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