A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Longevity of Esthetic Results of Gingival Melanin Depigmentation Treatment Using Different Laser Wavelengths (Diode, CO<sub>2</sub>, and Er:YAG)

Nammour, Samir; Mobadder, Marwan El; Namour, Mélanie; Namour, Amaury; Rompen, Eric; Maalouf, Elie; Brugnera, Aldo; Vescovi, Paolo; Zeinoun, Toni

doi:10.1089/photob.2019.4672

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It was concluded that the diode laser had more effectiveness in the reduction of the pigmentation index as compared to the Erbium group. Nammour et al, (2020) designed to measure the endurance of gingival depigmentation (GD) and the stability in esthetic outcomes presented by various laser types [17]. The time before pigmentation recurrence was: Diode > Er.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Ahmed¹,

Almonea²,

AlMarzooq³

et al. 2023

Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci

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The pigmentation of oral soft tissues is predominantly an aesthetic problem because lifestyle, media, and social influences impact people's perception of beauty, which in turn affects their self-esteem as well as their relationships. The melanin pigmentation of the gingiva has become a real concern in the Gulf region, especially for younger people and females, who seek aesthetic solutions to remove the pigmentation. The pigmentation caused by melanin can be removed by surgical blades, diamond burs, chemicals, and lasers, among other methods. A systematic literature review from 2012 to 2022 was performed using databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Sciencedirect. The keywords used were "Diode laser", "Erbium laser", and "Melanin pigmentation". PRISMA flowchart was used to describe the selection process of searched articles. Findings revealed that 6 out of 8 studies listed superior characteristics and treatment outcomes of diode lasers as compared to Erbium lasers. It can be concluded that the diode laser is the better option to treat gingival melanin pigmentation as compared to the Erbium lasers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Ahmed¹,

Almonea²,

AlMarzooq³

et al. 2023

Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci

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“…There are reports of different approaches using different lasers for managing melanic pigmentation, such as CO 2 , erbium, and diode [ 4 ]. Diode lasers are highly available when compared to other lasers and have a lower acquiring price.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diode lasers (808 nm) target melanin and melanosomes, without causing major damage to the epithelium, connective tissue, and teeth in the area surrounding the site of energy delivery [ 3 ], although the technique and parameters utilized can be critical to achieving long-term clinical success and tissue stability. Additionally, studies have demonstrated that lesion recurrence is common during the first years after the procedure, and these recurrences can be reduced when using diode lasers for depigmentation [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival Pigmentation Removal With a High-Power Diode Laser in Non-contact Mode: A Proposed Technique With Two Years of Follow-Up

Azevedo¹,

Souza²,

Freitas³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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This case report describes the efficacy and advantages of using a high-power diode laser in non-contact mode to remove racial melanin pigmentation from the oral mucosa in an aesthetically sensible area to reduce thermal damage and promote better postoperative results. In the presented case, the lesion was removed under local anesthesia in a single session using high-power diode equipment with circular movements over the lesion (10 seconds maximum for each irradiation cycle, with 30 seconds for thermal relaxation, for a total of two cycles), maintaining an average distance of 2-3 mm from the target tissue without fiber activation (continuous wave, 2 W, delivered by quartz fiber with 300 µ). The patient did not report immediate postoperative pain; however, analgesic use was recorded during the first day after the surgical procedure. The biological response and cosmetic results were satisfactory, with proper lesion removal and adequate cicatrization observed during a two-year follow-up period, without complications or compromise of periodontal tissue esthetics.

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“…Nammour et al (2020) compared the relapse rate after depigmentation (over 5 years) between three different laser wavelengths (Er:YAG, CO 2 , and diode laser 980 nm) in a randomized clinical trial on smokers and non-smokers. They used the Hedin's Classification to evaluate the reappearance of gingival pigmentation and found that the relapse rate was faster in the smokers group, while the diode laser group had the most enduring results in both smokers (average, 29 months) and non-smokers (average, 39 months), Er:YAG laser group showed the earliest return of pigmentation (average, 7 months) in smokers and non-smokers (average, 9 months), whereas the CO 2 laser group had an intermediate range of relapse between the three laser wavelengths (average, 24 months) and non-smokers (average, 28 months) [17].…”

Section: Non-contact Modementioning

confidence: 97%

Laser-Assisted Depigmentation—An Introspection of the Science, Techniques, and Perceptions

Muruppel

Pai²,

Bhat

et al. 2020

Dentistry Journal

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Background: Gingival hyperpigmentation is a major concern for a significant number of patients, as a relevant aesthetic or cosmetic need. Oral melanin pigmentation is considered to be multifactorial and could be related to physiological or even pathological reasons and can be the consequence of a variety of local or systemic factors. This pigmentation varies individually across races or age groups and is without any gender predilection. Evidence gleaned from literature is presented from case–control studies and from the authors’ own research work in prospective, split-mouth, double-blinded, clinical trials comparing treatment modalities in effecting depigmentation. Methods: A systematic review of published articles, using suitable assay criteria, was carried out to formulate a consensus on laser-assisted modalities. A total of 295 published sources were subject to critical analysis and resulted in six papers that were subject to data scrutiny. Additionally, evidence is presented on clinical protocols and treatment outcomes. Results: Analysis of randomized clinical studies identified the use of two laser wavelength groups—near infrared diode and erbium group of mid-infrared lasers. Several areas of analysis were examined, and inconsistent degrees of significance were obtained to establish which laser group was optimal and if they were any better than scalpel depigmentation. Conclusion: A definitive conclusion is wanting as studies with scientific and standardized protocols of evaluation are yet to provide a take on comparative assessments between different techniques of depigmentation.

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A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Longevity of Esthetic Results of Gingival Melanin Depigmentation Treatment Using Different Laser Wavelengths (Diode, CO₂, and Er:YAG)

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Gingival Pigmentation Removal With a High-Power Diode Laser in Non-contact Mode: A Proposed Technique With Two Years of Follow-Up

Laser-Assisted Depigmentation—An Introspection of the Science, Techniques, and Perceptions

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A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Longevity of Esthetic Results of Gingival Melanin Depigmentation Treatment Using Different Laser Wavelengths (Diode, CO2, and Er:YAG)

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Use and Success Rate of Lasers in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review

Gingival Pigmentation Removal With a High-Power Diode Laser in Non-contact Mode: A Proposed Technique With Two Years of Follow-Up

Laser-Assisted Depigmentation—An Introspection of the Science, Techniques, and Perceptions

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A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Longevity of Esthetic Results of Gingival Melanin Depigmentation Treatment Using Different Laser Wavelengths (Diode, CO₂, and Er:YAG)