A randomized, blinded, controlled trial of the antiemetic effect of ondansetron on dexmedetomidine-induced emesis in cats

Oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous pharmacokinetics of ondansetron in healthy cats

“…In conclusion, ondansetron has been previously used to treat acute and chemotherapy-induced vomiting in cats (Ogilvie & Moore, 2001; Trepanier, 2010; Santos et al , 2011). A growing interest in utilization of ondansetron for palliation of nausea and vomiting in chronic disease (i.e.…”

“…But it also appears unlikely that twice daily administration would adequately maintain levels during chronic administration. A limitation of this model is that the postulated therapeutic range – extrapolated from a previously published pharmacodynamic study – may not be accurate particularly if applied to repeated administration for chronic disease states (Santos et al , 2011). Previous authors have commented that the pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic relationship is not entirely clear in humans (Roila & Del Favero, 1995; Simpson & Hicks, 1996).…”

“…(mean 0.4 mg/kg) ondansetron (injectable: West/Ward Pharmaceuticals, Eatontown, NJ, USA; oral: Actavis Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA) with at least a 5-day wash out period between cross-over to the other drug formulation. The 2-mg dose was selected for analysis because it is commonly prescribed due to the availability of a 4-mg oral tablet, and because it fell between the previously reported effective dose of 0.22 mg/kg and the previous recommended dose of 0.5 mg/kg (Sedlacek et al , 2008; Trepanier, 2010; Santos et al , 2011). The administered oral dose was calculated by weighing each 4-mg tablet, halving the tablet, and weighing the administered segment.…”

“…ondansetron given concurrently with dexmedetomidine blocked vomiting but a dose given 30 min prior did not (Santos et al , 2011). Thus, it was estimated that levels of ondansetron at approximately 15 min postdosing were effective whereby levels at 45 min postdosing would not be effective at this dose.…”

“…It has been demonstrated to be an effective anti-emetic in cats, blocking dexmedetomadine-induced emesis, and has been shown to decrease feline intestinal motility (Santos et al , 2011; Wang et al , 2011). Clinically it is used in the treatment for nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, acute vomiting such as pancreatitis, as well as chronic illness such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) (Ljutic et al , 2002; Trepanier, 2010; O’Connor & Corcoran, 2012).…”