A randomized and blinded field trial to assess the efficacy of an autogenous vaccine to prevent naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivis (IBK) in beef calves

Funk, Lucas; O’Connor, Annette M.; Maroney, Michael J.; Engelken, Terry J.; Cooper, Vickie L.; Kinyon, Joann M.; Plummer, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.082

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Because this population was also used to characterize genetic susceptibility to IBK, no specific IBK preventive measures were used from 2003 to 2007. 6 In 2008 and 2009, 2 randomized masked clinical trials 5,7 assessed an IBK vaccine in the spring-born calves only; the vaccines were ineffective.…”

Section: Animals-1882 Angus Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c The rationale for use of these parameters was that results of a prior study 5 suggested that calves with IBK weighed approximately 7.5 kg less at weaning than unaffected calves, and the prevalence of IBK was approximately 33% in the study herd. Results of the analysis indicated that a study of approximately 1,000 subjects would have sufficient power to detect a 7.5-kg difference in live weight.…”

Section: Conclusion and Clinicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis lesions have been associated with mean weaning weight losses of 17 kg (37.4 lb) in bulls and 18 kg (39.6 lb) in heifers in a 1974 study 4 as well as a mean 31-kg (68.2-lb) loss for the 365-day adjusted weight in the bulls that continued on a feed trial. More recently, a randomized and masked field trial 5 found mean losses at weaning in spring of 8.2 kg (18.04 lb; 95% CI, 4.04 to 12.52 kg [8.89 to 27.54 lb]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis at weaning and ultrasongraphically measured body composition traits in yearling cattle

Funk¹,

Reecy²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

javma

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Objective—To assess associations between infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) diagnosed at weaning and production traits in yearling beef calves. Design—Retrospective population-based cohort study. Animals—1,882 Angus calves. Procedures—Angus calves from 1 farm were evaluated over 7 years. The association between yearling body production traits and detection of IBK lesions at weaning was evaluated. Results—Yearlings that had evidence of IBK at weaning had less 12th rib fat depth, ribeye area, and body weight than did cohorts without evidence of IBK. Average daily gain was greater in cattle that had IBK lesions at weaning, but this did not offset lower body weight at weaning. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The associations between IBK at weaning and production variables persisted well into the postweaning period, and there appeared to be a relationship between decreased body composition traits at yearling evaluation and IBK infection before weaning.

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Section: Animals-1882 Angus Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Clinicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis at weaning and ultrasongraphically measured body composition traits in yearling cattle

Funk¹,

Reecy²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

javma

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“…A chute processing order sheet was created, and a corresponding random allocation number between 0 and 1 was generated by an investigator not involved with enrollment (Excel, Microsoft, Redmond, WA)... At the ISU farm, three students, including the 1st author allocated the animals to treatment cohorts (Funk et al, 2009). …”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

The REFLECT Statement: Reporting Guidelines for Randomized Controlled Trials in Livestock and Food Safety: Explanation and Elaboration

Sargeant

O’Connor

Gardner

et al. 2010

Journal of Food Protection

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Concerns about the completeness and accuracy of reporting of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and the impact of poor reporting on decision making have been documented in the medical field over the past several decades. Experience from RCTs in human medicine would suggest that failure to report critical trial features can be associated with biased estimated effect measures, and there is evidence to suggest that similar biases occur in RCTs conducted in livestock populations. In response to these concerns, standardized guidelines for reporting RCTs were developed and implemented in human medicine. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement was first published in 1996, with a revised edition published in 2001. The CONSORT statement consists of a 22-item checklist for reporting a RCT and a flow diagram to follow the number of participants at each stage of a trial. An explanation and elaboration document not only defines and discusses the importance of each of the items, but also provides examples of how this information could be supplied in a publication. Differences between human and livestock populations necessitate modifications to the CONSORT statement to maximize its usefulness for RCTs involving livestock. These have been addressed in an extension of the CONSORT statement titled the REFLECT statement: Methods and processes of creating reporting guidelines for randomized control trials for livestock and food safety. The modifications made for livestock trials specifically addressed the common use of group housing and group allocation to intervention in livestock studies; the use of deliberate challenge models in some trials and the common use of non-clinical outcomes, such as contamination with a foodborne pathogen. In addition, the REFLECT statement for RCTs in livestock populations proposed specific terms or further clarified terms as they pertained to livestock studies. KeywordsRandomized trials, livestock, challenge studies and standards RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. AbstractConcerns about the completeness and accuracy of reporting of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and the impact of poor reporting on decision making have been documented in the medical field over the past several decades. Experience from RCTs in human medicine would suggest that failure to report critical trial features can be associated with biased estimated effect measures, and there is evidence to suggest that similar biases occur in RCTs conducted in livestock populations. In response to these concerns, standardized guidelines for reporting RCTs were developed and implemented in human medicine. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement was first published in 1996, with a revised edition published in 2001. The CONSORT statement consists of a 22-item checklist for reporting a RCT and a flow diagram to follow the number of participants...

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“…Currently, there are different available vaccines but they provide variable protection against clinical disease [15][16]. So far, commercial vaccines have been based on expression of fimbriae by Moraxella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence genes in Moraxella spp. isolates from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis cases

Sosa

Umpiérrez

Acquistapace

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is an important ocular disease which affects cattle worldwide. To advance towards IBK effective prevention and treatment strategies, it is important to define the distribution and genetic diversity of potential virulence factors present in M. bovis and M. bovoculi. The objective of this work was to identify and to analyze Moraxella spp. potential virulence factor genes in a collection of clinical isolates. Methodology: The presence and diversity of virulence factors in a collection of Moraxella spp. strains isolated since 1983 to 2009 in Uruguay was analyzed by PCR using primers for partial amplification of tolC, omp79, plb, fur and mbxA. The selection criterion of these genes was based on the fact that they encode virulence factors which could be present and conserved within strains, an important issue for the development of vaccines. Results: Differences in PCR amplification were observed within tolC (84%), omp79 (80%), plb (76%) and fur (44%) in M. bovis strains, whereas mbxA was amplified in all M. bovis and M. bovoculi strains. Regarding genetic diversity, the tolC nucleotide sequences were the less diverse within all M. bovis and mbxA were the less diverse within all M. bovis and M. bovoculi strains. Conclusions: PCR amplifications suggest the occurrence of differences between both Moraxella species, related to evaluated genes within Moraxella spp. strains and suggests that both species may have different pathogenic attributes. MbxA and the outer membrane protein TolC might be considered for future studies to develop new vaccines against IBK.

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A randomized and blinded field trial to assess the efficacy of an autogenous vaccine to prevent naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivis (IBK) in beef calves

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Associations between infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis at weaning and ultrasongraphically measured body composition traits in yearling cattle

Associations between infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis at weaning and ultrasongraphically measured body composition traits in yearling cattle

The REFLECT Statement: Reporting Guidelines for Randomized Controlled Trials in Livestock and Food Safety: Explanation and Elaboration

Virulence genes in Moraxella spp. isolates from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis cases

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