A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled phase II study of AGI004 for control of chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea

Abstract

Background:AGI004 is a controlled-release transdermal patch preparation of mecamylamine. We conducted a randomised placebo-controlled phase II study of two dose levels of AGI004 in chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea (CID).Methods:Adult patients receiving chemotherapy who had experienced diarrhoea (NCI grade 1–2) during previous cycles of chemotherapy were eligible. In all, 64 patients were randomised to receive AGI004 4 mg then 8 mg per 24 h transdermal patch or placebo for two sequential cycles of chemotherapy. Patients' severity of diarrhoea was physician-assessed using NCI grade of diarrhoea and patient-assessed using information recorded in daily diaries of bowel movements.Results:Overall AGI004 doubled the odds of a response to treatment on the first day of chemotherapy based on physician assessment of NCI grade of diarrhoea compared with placebo (odds ratio=2.0, 90% confidence interval: 0.9–4.5) and there was a trend to improved response rates for AGI004 for the full treatment cycle although these results were not statistically significant. There was also evidence of significantly improved response rates based on patient assessment of diarrhoea both overall (P=0.05) and at the 8-mg dose level (P=0.02) compared with placebo.Conclusion:AGI004 demonstrated effectiveness in reducing chemotherapy-associated diarrhoea, with results suggesting response across multiple measurements of diarrhoea. Treatment was well tolerated with no drug-related adverse events. Further evaluation of this agent in the management of CID is warranted.

Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Systemic Chemotherapy

“…The incidence of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea has been reported as high as 50-80% in patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy [13]. 31% of patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer experience diarrhea severe enough to require dose delay/reduction, and patient hospitalization [14,13,15]. Studies have shown that chemotherapeutic drugs increase intestinal permeability and modulate gut microbiota, which collectively contribute to CIGT [12,16].…”