2011
DOI: 10.1007/s10904-011-9590-7
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A Raman Investigation of Carbon Nanotubes Embedded in a Soft Polymeric Matrix

Liliane Bokobza

Abstract: Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) composites. Raman spectra of the MWNTs/SBR composites excited at different excitation wavelengths show that the dependence of the D band of carbon nanotubes on the laser energy has the same behavior as that of pure MWNTs. Raman spectra are shown to be sensitive to the state of dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the polymeric medium. On the other hand, analysis of Raman spectra of uniaxially stretche… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…However, in our experiments, we obtain an upshift in frequency of the G mode (ascribed to the stretching of the C-C bond of the carbon materials) with an increase in strain. The upshift of the G mode has been attributed to nanotube-nanotube decoupling within the bundle because the upshift is not reversible with strain [47,48]. Some hysteresis (area between the first and second stretches) is also observed in carbon nanotube-filled samples while the unfilled sample does not display any significant stress softening effect.…”
Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, in our experiments, we obtain an upshift in frequency of the G mode (ascribed to the stretching of the C-C bond of the carbon materials) with an increase in strain. The upshift of the G mode has been attributed to nanotube-nanotube decoupling within the bundle because the upshift is not reversible with strain [47,48]. Some hysteresis (area between the first and second stretches) is also observed in carbon nanotube-filled samples while the unfilled sample does not display any significant stress softening effect.…”
Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The D/G ratio of CNTs in NR of 1.457 is higher compared to that of the pristine CNTs. This shift and the increase of D/G ratio clearly indicate an interaction between the rubber matrix and the CNT surface and to nanotubeenanotube decoupling within the bundle [39]. As seen in Fig.…”
Section: Wetting Behavior Of Cnts In Different Rubbersmentioning
confidence: 70%
“…That leads to a significant and uncontrolled change in the surface energy of the filler and thus its wettability [6]. Different methods [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] were developed and used for characterization of filler wetting and polymer-filler interaction in nanocomposites containing CNTs and single polymer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of cryo-fractured surfaces of the composites was used for visualization of the polymer layer bonded to the filler [7,8].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA) for filled rubber compounds a broad peak of the loss factor in the temperature range of the material glass transition temperature was observed and attributed to the reduced mobility of the bound polymer layer [11]. The shift of the D and G bands in the Raman spectra of the CNT composites was discussed as a result of the CNT-matrix wetting [9,10] and cation-# bonds between ionic liquid and CNTs [11]. Analysis of rubber-filler gel after extraction experiments (bound rubber measurement) by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out for qualitative and quantitative characterization of the physical background of the filler-polymer interaction in carbon black or silica filled rubber compounds [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%