A rainfall simulator for laboratory-scale assessment of rainfall-runoff-sediment transport processes over a two-dimensional flume

Aksoy, Hafzullah; Ünal, N. Erdem; Çokgör, Şevket; Gedikli, Abdullah; Yoon, Jaeyoung; Koca, Kaan; Inci, S. Boran; Eriş, Ebru

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2012.06.009

Cited by 127 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…They are calibrated through a least square method to minimize the difference between observed and calculated values of flow and sediment discharges by using data from a laboratory rainfall simulator and an erosion flume (Aksoy et al 2012Arguelles et al 2013). Model parameters are listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in Modelling Sediment Matters

Aksoy

2015

Sediment Matters

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Rainfall and runoff induced erosion and sediment transport in hydrological watersheds are complex processes. This process has great importance in scientific research studies and engineering practice. The amount of sediment transported within the watershed is needed for hydrological and environmental problems. Sediment transport over a watershed can be estimated by time series analysis, empirical or mechanistic equations, monitoring, sampling, surveying, remote sensing or geographical information systems. As monitoring and sampling sediment transport process are costly and not easy to implement yet, modelling has become an alternating tool used for estimating sediment transport. Data-based empirical models as well as process-based hydrological models are available for this purpose, yet modelling is difficult and challenging. Challenges encountered in the modelling are the variability in the estimate of sediment calculated by each model, data requirement for the calibration of model parameters, complexity in the calibration and validation stages of the process-based models, uncertainty in the transport capacity approach used in model construction, etc. In this chapter, these challenges related to the modelling sediment matters are discussed with an emphasis on the process-based sediment transport models. A case study on Buyukcekmece dam reservoir in the greater municipality region of Istanbul, Turkey shows that order of magnitude different outputs are obtained when data-based models are used for estimating sediment transport in hydrological watersheds. Process-based models were paid particular attention on their microtopographical structure, parameterization and data requirement.

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Section: Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calibration is based on 32 out of 40 experimental data sets taken from a rainfall simulation study performed at laboratory scale (Aksoy et al 2012). Eight experiments were used for validation of the model.…”

Section: Infiltration Model Recession Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Modelling Sediment Matters

Aksoy

2015

Sediment Matters

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“…Further details of the experimental setup, observations, measurements, and the use of experimental data can be obtained from a series of publications (Aksoy et al 2012Arguelles et al 2013Arguelles et al , 2014Mallari et al 2015aMallari et al , 2015b. …”

Section: Experimental Setup and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall-Runoff Model Considering Microtopography Simulated in a Laboratory Erosion Flume

Aksoy

Gedikli

Ünal

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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A comprehensive process-based rainfall-runoff model for simulating overland flow generated in rills and on interrill areas of a hillslope is evaluated using a laboratory experimental data set. For laboratory experiments, a rainfall simulator has been constructed together with a 6.50 m × 1.36 m erosion flume that can be given adjustable slopes changing between 5 % and 20 % in both longitudinal and lateral directions. The model is calibrated and validated using experimental data of simulated rainfall intensities between 45 and 105 mm/h. Results show that the model is capable of simulating the flow coming from the rill and interrill areas. It is found that most of the flow occurs in the form of rill flow. The hillslope-scale model can be used for better prediction of overland flow at the watershed-scale; it can also be used as a building block for an associated erosion and sediment transport model.

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“…Therefore, laboratory flume experiments have been widely used to investigate questions relating to hydrology and erosion in conjunction with solute and sediment transport, although most studies to date have only measured surface runoff and/or vertical drainage (e.g. Montenegro et al, 2013;Guo et al, 2010;Aksoy et al, 2012;Asam et al, 2012). Our previous work using a one-dimensional soil column revealed the rapid partitioning of livestock slurries in the soil-water system into sediment-associated material remaining on or close to the surface and dissolved components which moved rapidly through the soil by leaching (Lloyd et al, 2012).…”

Section: E M Lloyd Et Al: Runoff-and Erosion-driven Transport Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff- and erosion-driven transport of cattle slurry: linking molecular tracers to hydrological processes

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The addition of cattle slurry to agricultural land is a widespread practise, but if not correctly managed it can pose a contamination risk to aquatic ecosystems. The transport of inorganic and organic components of cattle slurry to watercourses is a major concern, yet little is known about the physical transport mechanisms and associated fluxes and timings of contamination threats. Therefore, the aim of the study was to ascertain the importance of flow pathway partitioning in the transport (fluxes and timing) of dissolved and particulate slurry-derived compounds with implications for off-site contamination. A series of rainfall-runoff and erosion experiments were carried out using the TRACE (Test Rig for Advancing Connectivity Experiments) experimental hillslope facility. The experiments allowed the quantification of the impact of changing slope gradient and rainfall intensity on nutrient transport from cattle slurry applied to the hillslope, via surface, subsurface, and vertical percolated flow pathways, as well as particulate transport from erosion. The dissolved components were traced using a combination of ammonium (NH + 4 ) and fluorescence analysis, while the particulate fraction was traced using organic biomarkers, 5β-stanols. Results showed that rainfall events which produced flashy hydrological responses, resulting in large quantities of surface runoff, were likely to move sediment and also flush dissolved components of slurry-derived material from the slope, increasing the contamination risk. Rainfall events which produced slower hydrological responses were dominated by vertical percolated flows removing less sediment-associated material, but produced leachate which could contaminate deeper soil layers, and potentially groundwater, over a more prolonged period. Overall, this research provides new insights into the partitioning of slurry-derived material when applied to an unvegetated slope and the transport mechanisms by which contamination risks are created.

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A rainfall simulator for laboratory-scale assessment of rainfall-runoff-sediment transport processes over a two-dimensional flume

Cited by 127 publications

References 28 publications

Challenges in Modelling Sediment Matters

Challenges in Modelling Sediment Matters

Rainfall-Runoff Model Considering Microtopography Simulated in a Laboratory Erosion Flume

Runoff- and erosion-driven transport of cattle slurry: linking molecular tracers to hydrological processes

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