A Radiological Characterization of Remediated Tank Battery Sites

Hebert, M.B.; Scott, L.; Zrake, S.J.

doi:10.1097/00004032-199503000-00015

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Oilfield wastes are known to contain NORM (naturally occurring radioactive materials) which are associated with Ba (Testa et al, 1994;Hebert et al, 1995;Spitz et al, 1997). NORM occurs in produced water; in sludges, sands and mineral scale precipitated in pipes, valves or gauges; as thin platings on the inner surfaces of gas processing and transporting equipment; or as gas (Smith, 1987;Baird et al, 1990;White, 1992).…”

Section: Oilfield Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Non-Vehicular Sources on Heavy Metal Concentrations of Roadside Soils

Turer

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Soils along highway environments typically contain high concentrations of heavy metals because of non-point contamination sources, most commonly vehicle exhaust and wear of vehicle parts. Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sb, Ba and Ra concentrations of soils along roadways with very low traffic volumes in a rural portion of San Patricio County, Texas, have been studied in order to distinguish the effects of a point source (an industrial waste landfill) from the effects of traffic. The highest concentrations of Zn, Cr, Sb, Ba and Ra were detected in soils along the access road to the landfill. The association of high Ba values with high Ra values suggests that the most probable sources of this contamination were oilfield waste from storage tank bottoms, which were disposed of in landfill waste pits and were also spread over roads within the landfill to decrease dust. Outside the landfill along a different roadway, a second contamination area which was characterized by very high Ba but low Sb and Ra concentrations compared to background values, has been detected. Drilling mud spill is the most probable source of this contamination.The contaminations caused by these two point sources differ from typical vehicle-sourced contamination in two ways: their areal extent was limited and contaminants were not typical for highway environments (like Ba and Ra). Like vehicular contamination, however, these areas were confined to the immediate vicinity of the roadways. Another difference is that Pb in most vehicle-contaminated areas is strongly bound to the soil constituents, mostly organic matter, whereas the point source Pb was found to be readily exchangeable and to have no association with organic matter.

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Section: Oilfield Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Non-Vehicular Sources on Heavy Metal Concentrations of Roadside Soils

Turer

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Risk estimates have been determined using typical default assumptions plus the finding that the NORM remains insoluble and is fixed in soil (Rogers, 1994;Hebert, 1995). These assumptions may not be correct because a fraction of the radium may become readily available for migration and uptake into the food chain while allowing radon to be released into the atmosphere (Sill, 1994(Sill, ,1987.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 HE presence of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) contamination at crude oil well-drilling sites has been recognized as a radiological hazard for quite some time (Hebert, 1993;Hebert et al, 1995;Cox, 1993;Ansari et al, 1996). However, NORM is certainly not unique to oil-producing regions of the worlds Its presence in mineral springs, deep wells, and other geological outcrops has been well documented in the literature (Eisenbud, 1987;Adams and Lowder, 1964;Kathren, 1984;Kirby and Salutsky, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of residual soil contamination from commercial oil well drilling activities and its impact on the naturally occurring background radiation environment

Spitz

Lovins

Becker

1997

Journal of Soil Contamination

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Radiation exposure received by individuals living and working on a farmland contaminated with radium was evaluated by measuring the technologically enhanced radiation background using portable survey instruments and a highpressure ionization chamber. Analysis of selected organic compounds, metals, and radioactive material in samples of soil and water obtained from the farm demonstrate a potential risk to inhabitants that needs to be evaluated, especially for future generations living and working on this land who may not be aware of the potential hazard. The distribution of radium and several other hazardous waste materials was found to be significantly elevated in areas where sludge ponds and waste pits were formerly located. Transport of these contaminants in soil was detected by in situ measurement of radium, which may be a useful analog for determining the translocation of metals and other contaminants associated with oil well-drilling activities. Conventional risk assessment models, using default input parameters, assume that exposure to radium in the soil is via the food chain and radon, and that inhalation of resuspended particles is less important. These models also assume that the chemical and physical characteristics of the radium contamination remain constant in time. However, under certain environmental conditions, the radium compounds will become more soluble with time, increasing their significance as a source of radiation exposure, especially as the radium will persist in soil for many thousands of years. Assessment of present and future risk to populations living and working on these contaminated lands must account for the potential change in radium solubility with time and the increased risk from both inhalation and ingestion of radium.This research describes environmental conditions found at one former well site in the Martha oil field in eastern Kentucky and identifies several important concerns related to the current and future risk associated with use of land contaminated with naturally occurring radioactive material.

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“…The presence of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) contamination at crude oil well-drilling sites has been recognized as a radiological hazard for quite some time (Hebert, 1993;Hebert et al, 1995;Cox, 1993;Ansari et al, 1996). However, NORM is certainly not the only source of radioactive sources that can be found in an abandoned well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Radioactive Sources on the Environment: A Case Study of an Abandoned Oil Well in the Niger Delta

2014

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Crude oil exploration involves various operational processes and practices such as remote sensing methods of mapping. Moreover, radioactive detectors and explosives associated with seismic exploration, drilling and production equipment, LWD, MWD, uncontrollable wellbore instability, stuck pipe and loss of logging tools in hole issues leading to sidetracking, abandonment activities which leaves an impact on the environment. In this work, the radiological hazard indices in an abandoned oil well of Niger Delta was evaluated in the soil/sediment and water samples of the area to ascertain the impacts on the area and possible solutions were recommended. For soil samples, the mean value of Annual Gonadal Equivalent Dose (AGED) of the five locations was 665.25Ϯ65.07mSvy Ϫ1 and that for Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) (Outdoor and Indoor) were 115.75Ϯ11.86Svy Ϫ1 and 463.02Ϯ44.44Svy Ϫ1 respectively. The Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk mean value was (0.41Ϯ0.04) ϫ 10 3 . The mean values for Representative gamma index, I␥, the External Hazard index, H ex , and the Internal Hazard Index, H in , were 0.62Ϯ0.01, 0.53Ϯ0.06 and 0.66Ϯ0.02 respectively. The radiation indices for the water at the abandoned well site, and many locations in the village were also calculated. For soil/sediment samples, the mean value for these indices were above the permissible value which showed radiological elevation in the areas. The radiological elevation from the percentage risk analysis signifies a radiological burden on the people and the environment of these areas and there is the possibility of developing cancer due to exposure to radiation before the age of 70 years for the people living in the areas.

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A Radiological Characterization of Remediated Tank Battery Sites

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Non-Vehicular Sources on Heavy Metal Concentrations of Roadside Soils

Effect of Non-Vehicular Sources on Heavy Metal Concentrations of Roadside Soils

Evaluation of residual soil contamination from commercial oil well drilling activities and its impact on the naturally occurring background radiation environment

Impact of Radioactive Sources on the Environment: A Case Study of an Abandoned Oil Well in the Niger Delta

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