A radioligand-binding assay for detecting antibodies specific for proinsulin and insulin using 35S-proinsulin

Acetyl-L-Carnitine and Nicotinamide for Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes. I-Literature Review which Gave Support to the Treatment. II-Case Report, Evaluation of Five Years Treatment

“…GADA, PAA/IAA and IA2A were determined by reference radioligand binding assay (RBA). GADA results were calculated as GADA antibody index as previously described [87] and expressed as SD score. IA-2A was determined by RBA essentially as described for GADA using ICA512bdc gene, coding for residues 256-979 of IA-2A.…”

“…PAA/IAA was determined by RBA and results were calculated as B% and expressed as SD score. All autoantibody assays were considered positive if SD score>3 [87].…”

Expression and characterization of human proinsulin fused to thioredoxin in Escherichia coli

“…The soluble intracellular fraction was separated by centrifugation at 12,000×g for 15 min at 4°C. Protein transcription is driven by the P L promoter of the λ bacteriophage, which is strongly regulated by the cI repressor of the same phage glutathione and 0.5 mM oxidized glutathione, pH 9.5 (Valdez et al 2003).…”

“…Immunochemical characterization of Trx-PI PAA in human sera were detected by radioligand binding assay (RBA) using [ 35 S]-PI as tracer, as previously described by Valdez et al (2003). Results were calculated as B%=100×bound cpm/total cpm and expressed as SD score=(B% -B C %)/SD C , where B C % was the mean B% of 30 normal control sera and SD C its standard deviation.…”

“…Sera from 30 type 1 diabetic patients that scored positive in the RBA (Valdez et al 2003) were used. All sera tested were PAA-positive with a SD score 11.64±8.35 (mean±SD, range 3.58 to 35.85, cutoff value for positivity SD score=3.00).…”