A Rabies Virus Persistent Infection in BHK21 Cells

Wild, T. F.; Bijlenga, G.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-57-1-169

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Several RNA viruses have been described to persist in vivo [3,10,14,32,37], but the mechanisms by which non-segmented negative strand RNA viruses can persist intracellular in vivo are not known. In vitro studies showed that Rhabdoviridae are generally highly cytopathic, however persistently infected cell lines have been established with classical rabies virus [18,39,41,42]. Whether an EBL1a infection may lead to persistently infected host cells is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

Wellenberg¹,

Audry

Rønsholt³

et al. 2002

Archives of Virology

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Apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats were randomly chosen from a Dutch colony naturally infected with European bat lyssavirus subgenotype 1a (EBL1a). These bats were euthanised three months after the first evidence of an EBL1a infection in the colony. EBL1a genomic and antigenomic RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene were detected by nested reverse transcriptase PCR in 75% of the examined Rousettus aegyptiacus bats. The EBL1a RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene were detected mainly in brain tissues, but also in other organs. EBL1a messenger RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene and the glycoprotein gene were detected in brain tissues. The standard fluorescent antibody test revealed the presence of lyssavirus antigens in brain tissues from 7 (17.5%) Rousettus aegyptiacus bats. Furthermore, EBL1a could not be detected by virus isolation on murine neuroblastoma cells or by intracerebral inoculation of suckling mice. Neutralising antibodies directed against EBL1 were detected in 11% of the examined bats. This study shows that at least 85% of the apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats must have been infected with EBL1a, and that these bats may survive from an EBL1a infection. Furthermore, the study supports the possibility of a long-term maintenance of EBL1a genome in Rousettus aegyptiacus bats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

Wellenberg¹,

Audry

Rønsholt³

et al. 2002

Archives of Virology

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“…In these experiments, we could not confirm if this was due to a real decrease or the loss of the appropriate epi tope, as only one anti-L monoclonal anti body was available. However, similar obser vations have been made with rabies virus persistent infections [ Wild and Bijlenga, 1981], which would suggest that less L pro tein is synthesized. This would be in agree ment with the hypothesis that, in chronic infections, the transcriptase is liberated more easily before transcribing the whole genome [Norrby el al., 1982], It will be necessary to produce a polyclonal anti-L antibody to con firm these observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Measles Virus Antigens in Acutely and Persistently Infected Cells Using Monoclonal Antibodies: Differences in the Accumulation of Certain Viral Proteins

Giraudon¹,

Gerald²,

Wild³

1984

Intervirology

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Monoclonal antibodies were used to study measles virus (Hallé strain) infections. The distribution of virus antigens in acutely and persistently infected cells was examined by immunofluorescence, and the synthesis of the virus polypeptides in acutely infected cells was measured after immunoprecipitation and analysis in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The virus nucleoprotein (NP) was detected 12 h after infection and was the major virus polypeptide synthesized throughout the virus cycle. The NP, matrix, and polymerase (L) polypeptides were first detected associated with the perinuclear membrane, but were later distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The hemagglutinin accumulated in the cell membrane in well-defined ‘clusters’. In comparison with the acutely infected system, persistently infected cells presented important differences. There were only low levels of L polypeptides, and up to 50% of the cells contained intranuclear inclusions which stained specifically with NP monoclonal antibody. The relevance of these observations is discussed.

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“…Many reports have dealt with the persistent infections of rabies virus in some species of cells in culture (Fernandes et al, 1964;Wiktor & Clark, 1972;Kawai et al, 1975;Kawai & Matsumoto, 1977Holland et al, 1976;Andzhaparidze et al, 1981;Wild & Bijlenga, 1981), and some authors have identified defective interfering (DI) particles as one of the major regulatory factors involved in establishing and/or maintaining a persistent infection in cultured cells. DI particles have also been shown to play an important role in the evolution of Sdi (DIresistant) mutants during the long-term maintenance of persistent rabies virus infections (Kawai et al, 1975;Kawai & Matsumoto, 1977.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Infection of Rabies Virus (HEP-Flury Strain) in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Capable of Producing Interferon

Honda

Kawai

Matsumoto

1985

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYApparent interferon-mediated persistent infection of rabies virus (HEP-Flury strain) was established in a human neuroblastoma SYM-I (clone K-104) cell line, which had the ability to produce interferon. This infection produced variable but small amounts of progeny virus and interferon (up to 100 IU/ml), and resisted superinfection with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Sindbis virus as well as homologous rabies virus. The treatment of this infection with anti-interferon antibody stimulated virus replication and extensive c.p.e. However, some cells survived and grew rapidly without any sign of c.p.e. These produced increased amounts (100 to 1000 times) of infectious and DI particles in the presence of anti-interferon antibody, becoming susceptible to superinfection with VSV but remaining resistant to the original rabies virus. Small plaque mutants appeared and replaced the original virus during the long-term cultivation of the persistent infection. Several mutants tested were all identified as Sdi (DI-resistant) mutants, suggesting that the persisting viruses were endowed by the Sdi mutation with a selective advantage over the original virus even in interferon-mediated persistent infections.

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A Rabies Virus Persistent Infection in BHK21 Cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

A Study of Measles Virus Antigens in Acutely and Persistently Infected Cells Using Monoclonal Antibodies: Differences in the Accumulation of Certain Viral Proteins

Persistent Infection of Rabies Virus (HEP-Flury Strain) in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Capable of Producing Interferon

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