A quick test of the WEP enabled by a sounding rocket

Reasenberg, R. D.; Lorenzini, Enrico; Patla, Biju R.; Phillips, James D.; Popescu, Eugeniu E.; Rocco, Emanuele; Thapa, Rajesh

doi:10.1088/0264-9381/28/9/094014

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The patch distributions can be measured with appropriate technologies such as Kelvin probe force microscopy, which can achieve the necessary size and voltage resolutions [54,55]. In addition, the study of cold atoms and cold ions trapped in the vicinity of metallic surfaces [22] or the role of patch effects in other precision measurements [24][25][26] are other ways for accessing information of interest for our problem. Let us repeat at this point that our quasilocal model is similar to recent proposals for patch physics used to achieve a better understanding of atomic and ionic traps [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling electrostatic patch effects in Casimir force measurements

et al. 2012

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Electrostatic patch potentials give rise to forces between neutral conductors at distances in the micrometer range and must be accounted for in the analysis of Casimir force experiments. In this paper we develop a quasi-local model for describing random potentials on metallic surfaces. In contrast to some previously published results, we find that patches may provide a significant contribution to the measured signal, and may render the experimental data at distances below 1 micrometer compatible with theoretical predictions based on the Drude model.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, version 2 includes corrections to the text and added references. Version 3 contains modified figures and text. Version 4 contains modified figures and tex

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that patch effects are a source of concern for Casimir experiments [12][13][14][15][16], as well as for other precision measurements [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. For the Yale experiment the patches were assumed to be much larger than the gap D between the spherical and planar plates used in the measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling electrostatic patch effects in Casimir force measurements

et al. 2012

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“…In this context, it is important to discuss carefully all possible sources of systematic effects, in particular the effect of electrostatic patches already discussed for various high precision measurements [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and more recently in the context of Casimir force measurements [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The patch effect is due to the fact that the surface of a The force due to electrostatic patches can be computed by solving the Poisson equation, as soon as the correlations of the patch voltages are known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelvin probe force microscopy of metallic surfaces used in Casimir force measurements

Behunin

Dalvit

Decca

et al. 2014

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Kelvin probe force microscopy at normal pressure was performed by two different groups on the same Au-coated planar sample used to measure the Casimir interaction in a sphere-plane geometry. The obtained voltage distribution was used to calculate the separation dependence of the electrostatic pressure Pres(D) in the configuration of the Casimir experiments. In the calculation it was assumed that the potential distribution in the sphere has the same statistical properties as the measured one, and that there are no correlation effects on the potential distributions due to the presence of the other surface. The result of this calculation, using the currently available knowledge, is that Pres(D) does not explain the magnitude or the separation dependence of the difference ∆P (D) between the measured Casimir pressure and the one calculated using a Drude model for the electromagnetic response of Au. We discuss in the conclusions the points which have to be checked out by future work, including the influence of pressure and a more accurate determination of the patch distribution, in order to confirm these results.

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“…7 For overlapped interferometer beams as in our case, the optimal open fractions have been shown to be (0.60, 0.43, 0.37) [48], which can feasibly be fabricated in our proposed approach. developed for other equivalence-principle tests [59][60][61]. These employ Pound-Drever-Hall locking [62] of a laser to the length of an interferometer (which can be nonresonant or resonant, i.e., a cavity), such that small changes in length are translated into shifts of a laser frequency.…”

Section: Interferometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Antimatter Gravity with Muonium

Antognini

Kaplan

Kirch

et al. 2018

Atoms

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The gravitational acceleration of antimatter,ḡ, has yet to be directly measured; an unexpected outcome of its measurement could change our understanding of gravity, the universe, and the possibility of a fifth force. Three avenues are apparent for such a measurement: antihydrogen, positronium, and muonium, the last requiring a precision atom interferometer and novel muonium beam under development. The interferometer and its few-picometer alignment and calibration systems appear feasible. With 100 nm grating pitch, measurements ofḡ to 10%, 1%, or better can be envisioned. These could constitute the first gravitational measurements of leptonic matter, of 2 nd -generation matter, and possibly, of antimatter.And we note that arguments based on absolute gravitational potentials have been critiqued by Nieto and Goldman [2].Atoms 2018, xx, x 2 of 14 on quite general grounds [2]. 2 Such a measurement can be viewed as a test of general relativity or as a search for a fifth force and is of interest from both perspectives.Although the equivalence principle experiments indicate that nuclear binding energy gravitates in the same way as ordinary mass, absent validated models of gravity at a subnuclear scale, it is unclear how the gravitational interactions of virtual matter should be treated. Use of a pure-leptonic atom, such as positronium or muonium, evades these complexities. Moreover, no measurement has yet been made of the gravitational force on second-or third-generation matter or antimatter (although, with some assumptions, stringent limits can be obtained from neutral-meson oscillations, especially for K 0 -K 0 [14]). Since direct gravitational measurements on other higher-generation particles, such as hyperons, τ leptons, and c or b hadrons, appear impractical due to their short lifetimes, muonium may be the only access we have. Recent work [15][16][17] examining a possible standard-model extension emphasizes the importance of second-generation gravitational measurements. Current interest in "fifth force" models [18,19] (stimulated by evident anomalies in the leptonic decays of B mesons) also supports more detailed investigations of muonium.General relativity (GR) is generally taken to predict identical behaviors of antimatter and matter in a gravitational field. With the observation of gravitational waves [20], most of the predictions of GR are now experimentally confirmed. Nevertheless, GR is fundamentally incompatible with quantum mechanics, and the search for a quantum theory of gravity continues [21]. To date, the experimental evidence on which to base such a theory comes from observations of matter-matter and matter-light interactions. In a quantum field theory, matter-matter and matter-antimatter forces can differ -for example, suppressed scalar and vector terms might cancel in matter-matter interactions, but add in matter-antimatter ones [2], leading to small equivalence principle violations. Matter-antimatter measurements could thus play a key role.While most physicists expect that the equivalence principle a...

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A quick test of the WEP enabled by a sounding rocket

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Modeling electrostatic patch effects in Casimir force measurements

Modeling electrostatic patch effects in Casimir force measurements

Kelvin probe force microscopy of metallic surfaces used in Casimir force measurements

Studying Antimatter Gravity with Muonium

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