A quick combined approach for the characterization of a cliff during a post-rockfall emergency

Pappalardo, G.; Mineo, Simone; Imposa, Sebastiano; Grassi, Sabrina; Leotta, A.; Rosa, F. La; Salerno, Daniela

doi:10.1007/s10346-019-01338-w

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The methodological approach involving IRT confirmed the usefulness of such techniques applied to the rock mass characterization from a stability perspective, as already demonstrated in the literature in different geological and morphological frameworks [21][22][23][24][25][26]. In fact, IRT allows for the detection of specific rock mass features or anomalies based on the distribution of the surface temperature along the slope.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The application of this technique to slope instability issues is still pioneering and some literature proves its utility in detecting the rock grade of fracturing, presence of water, and lithological variations based on the distribution of the detected surface temperature values [37][38][39][40]. With specific reference to rock mass, Pappalardo et al [21,22] demonstrated that thermal images acquired in daylight conditions return information on the different orientation of rock mass portions, highlighting that hollow sectors keep lower surface temperatures than protruding ones due to the different solar irradiation. Similarly, abrupt variations of rock face orientation can be identified.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Recognition of Geohazards at the Natural Reserve “Lachea Islet and Cyclop Rocks” (Southern Italy)

et al. 2021

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In this study, we present a preliminary recognition of geohazards at the natural reserve archipelago “Lachea Islet and Cyclop Rocks” by integrating infrared thermography (IRT) and morphological-aerial interpretation. The study area, located in the wider setting of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Mount Etna (eastern Sicily), is a worldwide renowned tourist destination suffering from a limited fruition due to the instability of rock masses. The peculiar setting of the area, represented by steep sea rocks and an islet, requires the employment of remote surveying methodologies for the preliminary slope characterization in the perspective of safe ground surveys. In this paper, IRT analysis allowed the recognition of signs of past rockfalls, as well as the presence of loose rock material likely laying in unstable conditions, thanks to the variation of the surface temperature characterizing the slope. The combination of IRT outcomes with morphological-aerial data allowed recognizing the potential source areas of future rockfalls, which were modeled through trajectory simulations. Results showed that a relevant strip of sea surrounding the studied sea rock could be crossed by falling blocks, suggesting the need of instituting a forbidden area for a safe fruition of the reserve. Furthermore, IRT allowed for the recognition of some peculiar features linked to the presence of tectonic lines. Such correspondence was validated by a comparison with literature structural data, proving the potential of such remote methodological approach. This represents a new aspect of the application of IRT to other fields of geosciences, thus representing a starting point for the scientific development of new technological branches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Recognition of Geohazards at the Natural Reserve “Lachea Islet and Cyclop Rocks” (Southern Italy)

et al. 2021

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“…Volcano monitoring [43][44][45][46], underground mining [36], cave exploration [47], and geothermal analyses [48] can benefit from IRT technologies. Landslide and rockfall mapping by IRT also have been attempted [37,39,[49][50][51][52][53][54] (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Infrared Thermography Approach to Evaluate the Strength of a Rock Cliff

et al. 2021

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The mechanical strength is a fundamental characteristic of rock masses that can be empirically related to a number of properties and to the likelihood of instability phenomena. Direct field acquisition of mechanical information on tall cliffs, however, is challenging, particularly in coastal and alpine environments. Here, we propose a method to evaluate the compressive strength of rock blocks by monitoring their thermal behaviour over a 24‐h period by infrared thermography. Using a drone‐mounted thermal camera and a Schmidt (rebound) hammer, we surveyed granitoid and aphanitic blocks in a coastal cliff in south‐east Sardinia, Italy. We observed a strong correlation between a simple cooling index, evaluated in the hours succeeding the temperature peak, and strength values estimated from rebound hammer test results. We also noticed different heatingcooling patterns in relation to the nature and structure of the rock blocks and to the size of thefractures. Although further validation is warranted in different morpho‐lithological settings, we believe the proposed method may prove a valid tool for the characterisation of non‐directly accessible rock faces, and may serve as a basis for the formulation, calibration, and validation of thermo‐hydro‐mechanical constitutive models.

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“…In the international literature, there are various risk assessment procedures aimed at a correct rockfall risk evaluation and management in mountain areas [52][53][54] or sites with cultural and geological heritage [55][56][57]. These procedures are based on the use of diverse instruments and tools like terrestrial photogrammetry [58,59], terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) [60][61][62][63], and uncrewed aerial vehi-cles [64][65][66]. In this framework composed of many various methodologies and instruments, technicians and administrators are working to the implementation of regional or national guidelines [67,68] for the landslide risk assessment, providing useful information for the definition of operative solutions aimed at correct and effective land protection and planning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition of an Operative Methodology for the Management of Rockfalls along with the Road Network

et al. 2021

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Rockfalls are widespread events in mountain areas worldwide. The management of this process can be done using different approaches. In this paper, we want to analyze the procedure that can be adopted to manage a rockfall event considering the safety of infrastructure and settlements. Focusing on an Alpine region highly affected by rockfalls like the Aosta Valley Region (north-western Italy), we implemented a dedicated procedure for the road network emergency management. This procedure can be activated immediately after a rockfall, and it aims to identify the effect of the collapse, define the danger zone, plan the recovery project and propose temporary solutions for correct residual risk management until the end of the remedial works. In natural hazards, the lack of codified methods can create critical conditions and increase the responsibility of the single operators, who have to effectively manage a critical situation in a limited amount of time without a well-defined procedure. For this reason, the proposed method aims to be a first example of how a correct codification can be used for more sustainable management of this widespread phenomenon.

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A quick combined approach for the characterization of a cliff during a post-rockfall emergency

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Preliminary Recognition of Geohazards at the Natural Reserve “Lachea Islet and Cyclop Rocks” (Southern Italy)

Preliminary Recognition of Geohazards at the Natural Reserve “Lachea Islet and Cyclop Rocks” (Southern Italy)

An Infrared Thermography Approach to Evaluate the Strength of a Rock Cliff

Definition of an Operative Methodology for the Management of Rockfalls along with the Road Network

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