A quantum-like model of selection behavior

Asano, Masanari; Basieva, Irina; Khrennikov, Andrei; Ohya, Masanori; Tanaka, Yoshiharu

doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2016.07.006

Cited by 47 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Applications of this theory outside of genuine quantum physics were presented in the series of our previous publications [2,15,16,23]. In the present study, the role of S is played by neural network G (that can be reduced even to a single neuron), and E is its electrochemical environment, including electrical and chemical signals from other brain's networks, working with other psychological functions.…”

Section: Quantum Markovean Dynamics Of Mental Statementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Then, p 1 ≈ ν M (1). We repeat that steady states play an exceptional role in our model as decision states (see Sections 6.2, 7 and works in Reference [2,15,16,23]).…”

Section: Representing Electrochemical Uncertainty In Action Potentialmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The QP-approach to modeling of decision-making is a purely operational approach describing probability distributions of observations' outputs. The quantum formalism is used to describe aforementioned data, to resolve paradoxes, and to model various psychological effects, such as conjunction, disjunction, and order effects; see, e.g., monographs [1,2,[7][8][9][10] and some representative papers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The main tool is the machinery of quantum interference for incompatible observables [1,8]; see also [2,18] for tests of contextuality in decision-making based on the Bell-type [19] inequalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quantum-Like Model of Information Processing in the Brain

Khrennikov

Asano

2020

Applied Sciences

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We present the quantum-like model of information processing by the brain’s neural networks. The model does not refer to genuine quantum processes in the brain. In this model, uncertainty generated by the action potential of a neuron is represented as quantum-like superposition of the basic mental states corresponding to a neural code. Neuron’s state space is described as complex Hilbert space (quantum information representation). The brain’s psychological functions perform self-measurements by extracting concrete answers to questions (solutions of problems) from quantum information states. This extraction is modeled in the framework of open quantum systems theory. In this way, it is possible to proceed without appealing to the state’s collapse. Dynamics of the state of psychological function F is described by the quantum master equation. Its stationary states represent classical statistical mixtures of possible outputs of F (decisions). This model can be used for justification of quantum-like modeling cognition and decision-making. The latter is supported by plenty of statistical data collected in cognitive psychology.

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Section: Quantum Markovean Dynamics Of Mental Statementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Then, p 1 ≈ ν M (1). We repeat that steady states play an exceptional role in our model as decision states (see Sections 6.2, 7 and works in Reference [2,15,16,23]).…”

Section: Representing Electrochemical Uncertainty In Action Potentialmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quantum-Like Model of Information Processing in the Brain

Khrennikov

Asano

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…In general, the Hermitian matrix has N diagonal entries that are real, and N · (N − 1)/2 off diagonal entries, that can be complex. However, adding a constant to all 8 The word program here refers to the set of procedures that we formulated to build HSM models.…”

Section: The Hilbert Space Multi-dimensional Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have found many cases where quantum probability theory provides a better account of human judgment and decisions than classical probability theory [10]. In particular, human judgments are not commutative, and order effects are pervasive [55,47]; human decisions often violate the law of total probability that follows from the distributive axiom [40,52,33]; quantum theory provides a coherent account of many different types of probability judgment errors [14,1] as well as violations of rational decision making [34,58,8]. Quantum theory provides a natural account of asymmetry in similarity judgments Pothos et al [42].…”

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confidence: 99%

Introduction to Hilbert Space Multi-Dimensional Modeling

Busemeyer

Wang

2019

STEAM-H: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Mathematics &Amp; Health

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This article presents general procedures for constructing, estimating, and testing Hilbert space multi-dimensional (HSM) models, which are based on quantum probability theory. HSM models can be applied to collections of K different contingency tables obtained from a set of p variables that are measured under different contexts. A context is defined by the measurement of a subset of the p variables that are used to form a table. HSM models provide a representation of the collection of K tables in a low dimensional vector space, even when no single joint probability distribution across the p variables exists. HSM models produce parameter estimates that provide a simple and informative interpretation of the complex collection of tables. Comparisons of HSM model fits with Bayes net model fits are reported for a new large experiment, demonstrating the viability of this new model. We conclude that the model is broadly applicable to social and behavioral science data sets.

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Quantum-Like Model of Subjective Expected Utility: A Survey of Applications to Finance

Khrennikova

2018

Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics

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In this survey paper we review the potential financial applications of quantum probability (QP) framework of subjective expected utility formalized in [2]. The model serves as a generalization to the classical probability (CP) scheme and relaxes the core axioms of commutativity and distributivity of events. The agents form subjective beliefs via the rules of projective probability calculus and make decisions between prospects or lotteries by employing utility functions and some additional parameters given by a so called 'comparison operator'. Agents' comparison between lotteries involves interference effects that denote their risk perceptions from the ambiguity about prospect realisation when making a lottery selection. The above framework that builds upon the assumption of non-commuting lottery observables can have a wide class of applications to finance and asset pricing. We review here a case of an investment in two complementary risky assets about which the agent possesses non-commuting price expectations that give raise to a state dependence in her trading preferences. We summarise by discussing some other behavioural finance applications of the QP based selection behaviour framework.

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A quantum-like model of selection behavior

Cited by 47 publications

References 57 publications

A Quantum-Like Model of Information Processing in the Brain

A Quantum-Like Model of Information Processing in the Brain

Introduction to Hilbert Space Multi-Dimensional Modeling

Quantum-Like Model of Subjective Expected Utility: A Survey of Applications to Finance

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