A quantitative study of detection mechanism of a label-free impedance biosensor using ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode array

Siddiqui, Shabnam; Dai, Zhaoxin; Stavis, Courtney; Zeng, Hongjun; Moldovan, N.; Hamers, Robert J.; Carlisle, John A.; Arumugam, Prabhu U.

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2012.03.001

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The current body of work covers methods to fabricate BDD microelectrodes and their basic electrochemical behavior. [5,24,25] But identifying the smallest microelectrode size that offers robust electrochemical performance with highest sensitivity and lowest damage to surrounding microenvironment (e.g. tissue) is critically needed for emerging applications such as chronic neurochemical monitoring.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23,24] For ultrasensitive sensor development, several groups including ours have used microlithographic techniques to produce well-defined, reproducible microelectrode geometries on BDD films. [5,[25][26][27] BDD coatings on microwires have been used for in vitro and in vivo neurochemical measurements. [28,29] The electrode kinetics of BDD is dependent on several factors such as (i) nondiamond carbon impurity phases, (ii) the surface termination (H vs O), (iii) the dopant type, level, and distribution, (iv) grain boundaries and other morphological/microstructural defects, and (v) the primary crystallographic orientation.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in rapid loss of analyte signals with time. [9] A promising alternative is to use carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes [10] , carbon nanofibers [6,11] nanocrystalline diamond [12,13] , ultrananocrystalline diamond [5,9,[14][15][16] and graphene. [17] Among them, boron-doped diamond (BDD) exhibits excellent electronic, chemical and biological properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Analyte detection with high sensitivity and spatial-temporal resolution is generally achieved by reducing the size of the electrodes from micrometer to nanometer range. [4] Such electrodes are routinely fabricated by either using standard microfabrication techniques [5] (top-down approach) or employing nanomaterials [6] (bottom-up approach). The current gold standard microelectrode material are the noble metals, which exhibit fast electron-transfer kinetics and adequate sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of electrode size and surface heterogeneity on electrochemical properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode

Dutta

Siddiqui

Zeng

et al. 2015

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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We report here the effect of electrode size on electrochemical properties of boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) microelectrodes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). By reducing microelectrode size from 250-μm to 10-μm diameter (D), the shape of impedance spectra changes from linear line to two-arcs. The fitting of experimental data to electrochemical circuit model suggest that each arc likely corresponds to UNCD grains and grain boundaries phases. The two phases become separable as a result of microelectrode size reduction. In addition, for D≤100-μm, microstructural and morphological defects/ heterogeneities of grain boundaries and the presence of surface oxygen are also revealed in the spectra. The microelectrode size reduction specifically affect the impedance of the grain boundaries, e.g. for ultramicroelectrodes, UMEs (D≤25-μm), as the grain boundaries impedance increases by 30-fold. Thus, at UMEs, the grains-grain boundaries properties are revealed more sensitively in the spectra. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and surface profilometry measurements were performed to study the influence of microfabrication on surface properties. A significant increase in surface roughness after microfabrication shows that heterogeneities as observed in the spectra are not only due to intrinsic UNCD properties but also arises from microfabrication.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of electrode size and surface heterogeneity on electrochemical properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode

Dutta

Siddiqui

Zeng

et al. 2015

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…MEAs were successfully employed to detect a wide range of analytes including bacteria, [60] dopamine, [61] hormones and heavy metals (Fig.9c-d). BD-UNCD microsensors in microwire geometry (Fig.9e) are more suitable for in vivo voltammetry measurement of neuro active substances.…”

Section: Reliable and Highly Versatile Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond synthesized with an H-rich/Ar-lean gas system

Zeng

Konicek

Moldovan

et al. 2015

Carbon

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This paper reports the recent development and applications of conductive borondoped ultrananocrystalline diamond (BD-UNCD). The authors have determined that BD-UNCD can be synthesized with an H-rich gaseous chemistry and a high CH 4 /H 2 ratio, which is opposite to previously reported methods with Ar-rich or H-rich gas compositions but utilizing very low CH 4 /H 2 ratio. The BD-UNCD has a resistivity as low as 0.01 ohm·cm, with low roughness (down to several nm) and a wide deposition temperature range (450-850¼C).The properties of this BD-UNCD were studied systematically using resistivity characterization, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and roughness measurements. Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy confirms that up to 97% of the UNCD is deposited as sp3 carbon.These series of measurements also reveal additional unique properties for this material, such as an ÒMÓ shape Raman signature, line-granular nano-cluster texture and high C-H bond surface content. A hypothesis is provided to explain why this new deposition strategy, with H-rich/Ar-free gas chemistry and CH 4 /H 2 ratio, is able to produce high sp3-content and/or 2 heavily doped UNCD. In addition, a few emerging applications for BD-UNCD in the field of atomic force microscopy, electrochemistry and biosensing are reviewed here.

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Flexible Biosensors for Food Pathogen Detection

Biswas,

Islam,

Jia

et al. 2024

Adv Elect Materials

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Food contamination poses a significant threat to public health, the economy, and human health worldwide, occurring at any stage of the food supply chain, from farm to fork. Efficient and effective real‐time monitoring methods for the early identification and rapid detection of pathogen contamination are critical to preventing possible food safety issues. In the past decade, flexible electrochemical biosensors have rapidly expanded in the detection of foodborne pathogens, owing to their ability to function well at biological interfaces that may be soft, intrinsically curvy, irregular, or deformable. The most important features of flexible sensors are their flexibility, multifunctionality, low cost, and good compatibility with solution processing methods. These properties enable flexible sensors to be used in various applications, including smart packaging. This review focuses on the materials, structures, and fabrication methods of flexible biosensors, as well as their applications in food safety monitoring. It examines recent advances in electrochemical immunosensors and aptasensors for pathogen detection, with a focus on their key components and their application in food analysis, while critically examining their current trends, particularly in conjunction with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, gold nanoparticles, Indium tin oxide, etc. Finally, current issues and prospects for the future are discussed.

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A quantitative study of detection mechanism of a label-free impedance biosensor using ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode array

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

The effect of electrode size and surface heterogeneity on electrochemical properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode

The effect of electrode size and surface heterogeneity on electrochemical properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond microelectrode

Boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond synthesized with an H-rich/Ar-lean gas system

Flexible Biosensors for Food Pathogen Detection

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