A Quantitative Procedure for Estimating Cotton Fiber Growth

Beasley, C. A.; Birnbaum, E.; Dugger, W. M.; Ting, Irwin P.

doi:10.3109/10520297409116947

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Representative plants were then photographed. The Toluidine blue staining was quantified by destaining in 10% acetic acid, 86% ethanol at 60°C for 4 h, and the OD of the supernatant was measured at 600 nm as previously described (Beasley et al, 1974) and data presented as OD 600 /mg fresh weight. Treated samples represent an average of three samples of five plants each with SD as error bars.…”

Section: Toluidine Blue Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innate Immunity Pathway in the Moss Physcomitrella patens

et al. 2016

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MAP kinase (MPK) cascades in Arabidopsis thaliana and other vascular plants are activated by developmental cues, abiotic stress, and pathogen infection. Much less is known of MPK functions in nonvascular land plants such as the moss Physcomitrella patens. Here, we provide evidence for a signaling pathway in P. patens required for immunity triggered by pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). This pathway induces rapid growth inhibition, a novel fluorescence burst, cell wall depositions, and accumulation of defense-related transcripts. Two P. patens MPKs (MPK4a and MPK4b) are phosphorylated and activated in response to PAMPs. This activation in response to the fungal PAMP chitin requires a chitin receptor and one or more MAP kinase kinase kinases and MAP kinase kinases. Knockout lines of MPK4a appear wild type but have increased susceptibility to the pathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria brassisicola. Both PAMPs and osmotic stress activate some of the same MPKs in Arabidopsis. In contrast, abscisic acid treatment or osmotic stress of P. patens does not activate MPK4a or any other MPK, but activates at least one SnRK2 kinase. Signaling via MPK4a may therefore be specific to immunity, and the moss relies on other pathways to respond to osmotic stress.

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Section: Toluidine Blue Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innate Immunity Pathway in the Moss Physcomitrella patens

et al. 2016

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“…The 10-and 20-d cultured ovules were harvested for photography with a Nikon D40 camera and fiber yield analysis. The fiber yield was expressed in terms of total fiber units, as described previously (Beasley et al, 1974). The cultured ovules were immersed in hot water to disperse the fibers, and after drying, they were stained for 30 s in 0.02% toluidine blue O and then washed immediately with running water for 2 min.…”

Section: Ovule Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic and Metabolic Analysis Revealed that Cotton Fiber Cell Development Was Retarded by Flavonoid Naringenin

et al. 2013

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The cotton (Gossypium spp.) fiber is a unique elongated cell that is useful for investigating cell differentiation. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of factors such as sugar metabolism, the cytoskeleton, and hormones, which are commonly known to be involved in plant cell development, while the secondary metabolites have been less regarded. By mining public data and comparing analyses of fiber from two cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense), we found that the flavonoid metabolism is active in early fiber cell development. Different flavonoids exhibited distinct effects on fiber development during ovule culture; among them, naringenin (NAR) could significantly retard fiber development. NAR is a substrate of flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), and silencing the F3H gene significantly increased the NAR content of fiber cells. Fiber development was suppressed following F3H silencing, but the overexpression of F3H caused no obvious effects. Significant retardation of fiber growth was observed after the introduction of the F3H-RNA interference segment into the high-flavonoid brown fiber G. hirsutum T586 line by cross. A greater accumulation of NAR as well as much shorter fibers were also observed in the BC1 generation plants. These results suggest that NAR is negatively associated with fiber development and that the metabolism mediated by F3H is important in fiber development, thus highlighting that flavonoid metabolism represents a novel pathway with the potential for cotton fiber improvement.

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“…Fiber production was measured in terms of TFU3 by a stain-destain method previously described in detail (5). One TFU is equal to one absorbance unit of the stain adsorbed to fibers on a set of 20 ovules (each set derived from a single ovary).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmoregulation in Cotton Fiber

Dhindsa¹,

Beasley²,

Ting³

1975

Plant Physiol.

108

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Kinetics and osmoregulation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber growth (primarily extension) have been studied. Growth is dependent on turgor pressure in the fiber. It is inhibited when a decrease in the water potential of the culture medium due to an addition of Carbowax 6000, equals the turgor pressure of the fiber. Potassium and malate accumulate in the fiber and reach peak levels when the growth rate is highest. Maximum concentrations of potassium and malate reached in the fiber can account for over 50% of the osmotic potential of the fiber. As growth slows down, levels of potassium and malate decrease and turgor pressure declines. Cotton ovules are capable of fixing H4CO3-in the dark, predominantly into malate. Fiber growth is inhibited by the absence of potassium and/or atmospheric CO2. We suggest that potassium and malate act as osmoregulatory solutes and that malate, at least in part, arises from dark CO2 fixation reactions.

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A Quantitative Procedure for Estimating Cotton Fiber Growth

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

An Innate Immunity Pathway in the Moss Physcomitrella patens

An Innate Immunity Pathway in the Moss Physcomitrella patens

A Genetic and Metabolic Analysis Revealed that Cotton Fiber Cell Development Was Retarded by Flavonoid Naringenin

Osmoregulation in Cotton Fiber

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