A quantitative MR measure of the fornix in schizophrenia

Zahajszky, Janos; Dickey, Chandlee C.; McCarley, Robert W.; Fischer, Iris A.; Nestor, Paul G.; Kikinis, Ron; Shenton, Martha E.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00051-7

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, Zahajszky et al (2001) found no differences in fornix volume between patients with chronic schizophrenia and normal control subjects but did report a significant correlation between fornix and hippocampus volumes only in the schizophrenic group. In contrast, Davies et al (2001) found a significantly larger cross-sectional area of the fornix in early-onset schizophrenia.…”

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confidence: 96%

Fornix Integrity and Hippocampal Volume in Male Schizophrenic Patients

Kuroki

Kubicki

Nestor

et al. 2006

Biological Psychiatry

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138

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Background-The hippocampus has been shown to be abnormal in schizophrenia. The fornix is one of the main fiber tracts connecting the hippocampus with other brain regions. Few studies have evaluated the fornix in schizophrenia, however. A focus on fornix abnormalities and their association with hippocampal abnormalities might figure importantly in our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

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confidence: 96%

Fornix Integrity and Hippocampal Volume in Male Schizophrenic Patients

Kuroki

Kubicki

Nestor

et al. 2006

Biological Psychiatry

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138

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“…MR imaging found no marked changes in fornix volume in schizophrenic patients, but the fornix volume correlated significantly with the volumes of other limbic system structures in schizophrenic patients, but not in controls. 32) On the other hand, the mean cross-sectional fornix area in patients with schizophrenia was significantly larger than in normal subjects. 9) In another study, the fiber number or structure of the fornix was abnormal in schizophrenic patients and men had a lower fiber density in the fornix than in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Differences in cell densities between the left and right hippocampi have been described recently in only epileptic male patients, and fornix asymmetry could correspond to hippocampal asymmetry, since the fornix connects the hippocampal formation to the mammillary body. [32][33][34] Significant differences in volume were observed between the right and left sides of the hippocampus, amygdala, fornix, and mammillary bodies in healthy individuals, whereas there was no volume difference between the hemispheres. 5) Asymmetry in the size of the fornix was present in patients with seizures caused by unilateral hippocampal sclerosis and MR imaging showed volume loss of the fornix ipsilateral to the side with hippocampal sclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…24) Some recent studies propose the involvement of the fornix in schizophrenia, as a key fiber tract connecting the hippocampus and thalamus that are both implicated in schizophrenia. 10,32) Therefore, damage of the fornix may result in memory disturbances. 6,14,21,22) A rectangle bounding the corpus callosum was drawn, with one side parallel to the line connecting the anterior and posterior commissures in accordance with the previous study 29) and the bounding rectangle was divided into 10 equal parts (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topographic Anatomy of the Fornix as a Guide for the Transcallosal-Interforniceal Approach With a Special Emphasis on Sex Differences

Özer

Kayalıoğlu

Erturk

2005

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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The topographic anatomy and morphometry of the fornix is important for standardizing the transcallosal-interforniceal approach and avoiding memory disturbances. The detailed morphometry of the fornix was investigated with a special emphasis on sex differences using midsagittal magnetic resonance imaging of 80 males and 102 females. Various parameters of the fornix, including the length of the upper and lower fornices, the curvature of the upper and lower fornices, and the insertion point of the fornix to corpus callosum, were investigated. The thickness of the fornix at the attachment point to the anterior commissure, the maximum distance to the upper and lower surfaces of the fornix, and the curvature of the upper and lower fornices showed sex differences (p º 0.5). The upper insertion point of the fornix to the corpus callosum was more frontal in females, but the functional relevance of these differences need further investigation.

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“…Both the gray and white matter components of the limbic system have been studied by using MR imaging in several brain disorders, such as epilepsy (3)(4)(5)(6)(7), dementia (8,9), and schizophrenia (10). Until recently, the study of white matter bundles was restricted to postmortem dissection or section-bysection evaluation by in vivo medical imaging both in terms of the tissue's signal intensity and/or volume measurements.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diffusion Tensor Tractography

Cheong

Khu

et al. 2008

Neurosurgery

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The limbic system, relevant to memory and emotion, is an interesting subject of study in healthy and diseased individuals. It consists of a network of gray matter structures interconnected by white matter fibers. Although gray matter components of this system have been studied by using MR imaging, the connecting fibers have not been analyzed to the same degree. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal intensity contamination of the fornix and cingulum, the 2 major white matter tracts of the limbic system, can alter diffusiontensor imaging (DTI) measurements and affect tractography. We investigated the effect of CSF signal intensity suppression on fiber tracking of the limbic connections and characterized the diffusion properties of these structures in healthy volunteers.METHODS: Nine healthy individuals were scanned with standard and CSF-suppressed DTI. Tractography of the fornix and cingulum was performed for both acquisition methods. We report mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy measurements of the crus, body, and columns of the fornix, and descending, superior, and anterior portions of the cingulum.RESULTS: Diffusion measurements were improved and tractography was facilitated by using CSF-suppressed DTI. In particular, tract volume increased, whereas decreases of the mean diffusivity and increases of diffusion anisotropy more accurately represented the underlying tissue by minimizing deleterious partial volume averaging from CSF. This was particularly true for the fornix because it is in closest contact to CSF. Diffusion measurements throughout the limbic connections were consistent in healthy volunteers. CONCLUSION:We recommend the use of CSF suppression when performing diffusiontensor tractography of the limbic system.

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A quantitative MR measure of the fornix in schizophrenia

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

Fornix Integrity and Hippocampal Volume in Male Schizophrenic Patients

Fornix Integrity and Hippocampal Volume in Male Schizophrenic Patients

Topographic Anatomy of the Fornix as a Guide for the Transcallosal-Interforniceal Approach With a Special Emphasis on Sex Differences

Diffusion Tensor Tractography

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