A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the British Columbia Take Home Naloxone program

Banjo, Oluwajenyo; Tzemis, Despina; Al-Qutub, Diana; Amlani, Ashraf; Kesselring, Sarah; Buxton, Jane A.

doi:10.9778/cmajo.20140008

Cited by 72 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Similar to the case in other naloxone programs, the refills were provided most commonly because the client's naloxone supply had been used in a reported overdose event. 7,22,24 The other reasons for refills were similar to reasons reported by other programs, such as having been lost, stolen or confiscated. 7,22,24 There were very few deaths among individuals who received naloxone administered by a peer, which corresponds to the literature (83%-100% survival).…”

Section: Prevent Overdose In Toronto -Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Further, we found that staff, local agencies and clients viewed the program positively. The POINT program enrollment was higher than in many other programs reported in the literature, 10 but less than in the programs in British Columbia, 7 Massachusetts, 15,20 Chicago, 21 and San Francisco, 22 although the population base served by these programs varies. The demographics and drug use pattern among POINT clients were comparable to those in other programs.…”

Section: Prevent Overdose In Toronto -Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…3,4 An intervention that has experienced rapid growth is opioid overdose education and distribution of naloxone, a medication that is used to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose. [6][7][8][9] The current evidence on the effectiveness of naloxone programs remains limited. [10][11][12][13][14] Naloxone programs are promising for reducing mortality 15 and being cost-effective, 16 and there are several descriptive reports of program data in the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There are only two previous published program evaluations for Canadian naloxone programs. 7,17 In August 2011, the harm reduction program ("The Works") at Toronto Public Health (TPH) began offering an opioid overdose prevention and response training program with naloxone prescription, called Prevent Overdose in Toronto (POINT). That year, Toronto had experienced the highest yearly number of drug-related deaths since monitoring began in 2004 -there were 201 deaths in 2011 and opioids were most frequently involved.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Process evaluation of the Prevent Overdose in Toronto (POINT) program

Leece

Gassanov

Hopkins

et al. 2016

Can J Public Health

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SETTING: A harm reduction program at a public health unit in Toronto, Ontario, between August 31, 2011 and August 31, 2013. INTERVENTION:We conducted a process evaluation of the first two years of an opioid overdose prevention and response program, Prevent Overdose in Toronto (POINT), including analysis of data from program documentation forms, as well as qualitative interviews with program staff, representatives from partner agencies, and program clients. OUTCOMES:In the first two years of the program, 662 individuals (52.4% male; mean age 38.3 years) were trained in opioid overdose prevention and given a naloxone kit. Among clients currently using opioids, the most frequently reported opioids were oxycodone (40.4%) and heroin (34.4%). Clients reported 98 administrations of naloxone, primarily to friends and acquaintances. Nearly all naloxone recipients reportedly survived; one did not survive, and one had an unknown outcome.Staff and partner agencies feel the program reaches the target population and that POINT training meets clients' needs. Clients would like to see the training offered more widely. Overall, staff, partner agencies and clients were pleased with the POINT program, and they offered suggestions on program recruitment and delivery.IMPLICATIONS: Individuals at risk of opioid overdose have participated in overdose prevention and response training, and reported using naloxone in overdose events. Results of this initial program evaluation are being used to improve the delivery of the POINT program and can inform broader public health practice in opioid overdose prevention.KEY WORDS: Drug overdose; naloxone; program evaluation La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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Section: Prevent Overdose In Toronto -Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Prevent Overdose In Toronto -Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 72%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process evaluation of the Prevent Overdose in Toronto (POINT) program

Leece

Gassanov

Hopkins

et al. 2016

Can J Public Health

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“…5,11 A THN kit typically includes two doses of naloxone, a rescue breathing mask, gloves, and instructions on how to administer the medication, perform basic life support, and call for help from emergency services. 13 Programs have been implemented in Europe, the US and Australia since the mid-1990s. 9,14,15 The first Canadian THN community program was initiated in 2005 by Streetworks in Edmonton, Alberta 16 and there are now programs in the majority of Canada's provinces and territories.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alberta’s provincial take-home naloxone program: A multi-sectoral and multi-jurisdictional response to overdose

Freeman

Bourque²,

Etches

et al. 2017

Can J Public Health

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SETTING: Alberta is a prairie province located in western Canada, with a population of approximately 4.3 million. In 2016, 363 Albertans died from apparent drug overdoses related to fentanyl, an opioid 50-100 times more toxic than morphine. This surpassed the number of deaths from motor vehicle collisions and homicides combined.INTERVENTION: Naloxone is a safe, effective, opioid antagonist that may quickly reverse an opioid overdose. In July 2015, a committee of communitybased harm reduction programs in Alberta implemented a geographically restricted take-home naloxone (THN) program. The successes and limitations of this program demonstrated the need for an expanded, multi-sectoral, multi-jurisdictional response. The provincial health authority, Alberta Health Services (AHS), used previously established incident command system processes to coordinate implementation of a provincial THN program.OUTCOMES: Alberta's provincial THN program was implemented on December 23, 2015. This collaborative program resulted in a coordinated response across jurisdictional levels with wide geographical reach. Between December 2015 and December 2016, 953 locations, including many community pharmacies, registered to dispense THN kits, 9572 kits were distributed, and 472 reversals were reported. The provincial supply of THN kits more than tripled from 3000 to 10 000. IMPLICATIONS:Alberta was uniquely poised to deliver a large, province-wide, multi-sectoral and multi-jurisdictional THN program as part of a comprehensive response to increasing opioid-related morbidity and mortality. The speed at which AHS was able to roll out the program was made possible by work done previously and the willingness of multiple jurisdictions to work together to build on and expand the program.KEY WORDS: Fentanyl; take-home naloxone; harm reduction; opioid overdose La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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