A quality control technique based on UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy for tequila distillery factories

Garcı́a, Olga; Ortiz, Gabriel Ramos; Maldonado, José Luis; Molina, J. Pichardo; Nava, Mariano; Landgrave, E.; Cervantes, M. J.

doi:10.1117/12.674439

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The fake tequila is the only sample that shows a nonmonotonous dependence of the transmittance with the wavelength, as it was reported in [11]. The FT shows a maximal transmittance at 330 nm, as it is reported in [15]. This behavior produces a change in the transmittance order of samples.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Detection of Counterfeit Tequila by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Rosa

Fabila-Bustos

Quintanar-Hernández

et al. 2015

Journal of Spectroscopy

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An ultraviolet (UV) light induced fluorescence study to discriminate fake tequila from genuine ones is presented. A portable homemade system based on four light emitting diodes (LEDs) from 255 to 405 nm and a miniature spectrometer was used. It has been shown that unlike fake and silver tequila, which produce weak fluorescence signal, genuine mixed, rested, and aged tequilas show high fluorescence emission in the range from 400 to 750 nm. The fluorescence intensity grows with aging in 100% agave tequila. Such fluorescence differences can even be observed with naked eyes. The presented results demonstrate that the fluorescence measurement could be a good method to detect counterfeit tequila.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Detection of Counterfeit Tequila by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Rosa

Fabila-Bustos

Quintanar-Hernández

et al. 2015

Journal of Spectroscopy

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“…10,24,30 For whiskies, it was reported that absorbance patterns could be established for specific Scotch brands; therefore any variation out of range of the established values could signify an adulteration. For the discrimination among tequilas, Barbosa-Garcia et al, 25 and Jones et al, 26 used the measured spectra with chemometrics calculations and methods based upon chromatic analysis of the broadband, respectively. However, these studies were conducted without the aid of chromatography to support the analysis.…”

Section: Spectral Characteristics Of Tequila and Mezcal Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the case of tequila, chromatic analysis and chemometrics tools have been applied to FT-IR and UV-Vis absorption spectra to discriminate between 100% agave and mixed tequilas as well as among tequilas from different brands. [25][26][27][28] As of the present time, however, no study has been reported which uses UV absorption spectrophotometry to discriminate tequilas from mezcals, nor which attempts to identify the individual chemical components responsible for the UV spectral behavior of these spirits by using RP-HPLC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and quantification of furanic compounds in tequila and mezcal using spectroscopy and chemometric methods

Muñoz-Muñoz

Pichardo‐Molina²,

Ramos‐Ortíz³

et al. 2010

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste artigo, duas bebidas mexicanas com denominação de origem controlada (DOC), tequila e mezcal, foram facilmente discriminadas por espectrofotometria UV-Vis e métodos quimiométricos. Os espectros foram registrados na faixa de 250-400 nm; a principal característica foi uma banda larga centrada em torno de 280 nm, cuja amplitude varia segundo o tipo de bebida e de marca. No entanto, diferenças adicionais foram identificadas através de análise multivariada, mostrando uma distinção clara entre as bebidas. Usando RP-HPLC com detector ultravioleta, os compostos que têm origem na banda de absorção foram determinados. Portanto, o espectro de cada bebida na faixa de comprimento de onda de 250-330 nm aproximadamente, mostrou uma mistura particular de furfural (FUR), 2-acetilfurano (2AF) e 5 methylfurfural (5MF). Além disso, os espectros de absorção das misturas de FUR, 2AF e 5MF foram registrados em diferentes concentrações e com um modelo de mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS), as concentrações desses compostos foram previstas em amostras de teste e em licores. Quando estes resultados foram comparados com os obtidos por HPLC, os coeficientes de correlação foram de R ≥ 0,920. Portanto, esta metodologia apresenta um método alternativo para identificar e quantificar alguns compostos furanos em tequilas brancas e mezcales. Além destes resultados, a metodologia pode ser realizada in situ e resultados específicos no controle de qualidade podem ser obtidos em poucos minutos.In this paper, two Mexican white spirits with appellation d'origen contrôlée (AOC), i.e., tequila and mezcal were easily discriminated by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and chemometric techniques. The spectra were recorded in the range of 250-400 nm and their main feature is a broad band centered about 280 nm whose amplitude changes according to the type of beverage and brand, however, additional differences are pointed out through multivariate analysis that makes a fair differentiation between the beverages. By using RP-HPLC with UV detector, the compounds that originate the absorption band were determined. Thus, the spectrum of each beverage in the wavelength range of 250-330 nm, approximately, is a particular mixture of furfural (FUR), 2-acetylfuran (2AF) and 5-methylfurfural (5MF). Further, the absorption spectra of mixtures of FUR, 2AF and 5MF standards were recorded at several concentrations and by using a partial least square model (PLS), the concentrations of those compounds were predicted in test and spirit samples. When these results were compared to those obtained by HPLC, the correlation coefficients were R ≥ 0.920. Therefore, with this methodology one builds up an alternative method to identify and quantify some furanic compounds in white tequilas and mezcals. In addition to these results, the methodology can be performed on site and results about specific quality controls can be obtained within minutes.

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“…Barbosa-García et al 20 employed UV-Vis spectrophotometry and principal component analysis (PCA) to discriminate among different brands of tequila. Moreover, partial-least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was employed to separate pure agave tequila from mixed samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flow-batch analyzer for UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection of adulteration in distilled spirits

Nascimento¹,

Araújo²,

Galvão³

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Um analisador flow-batch é proposto para detecção de adulterações em bebidas destiladas (uísque, conhaque, cachaça, rum e vodca) usando espectrofotometria UV-Vis. O analisador foi empregado para diluir as amostras não-adulteradas e para simular adulterações com adição de 5 e 10% (v/v) de água, etanol ou metanol. Modelos de classificação SIMCA (soft independent modelling of class analogies) foram construídos empregando espectros de amostras adulteradas e não-adulteradas na faixa de 235-355 nm. Aplicando-se os modelos SIMCA a um conjunto de teste, todas as amostras adulteradas e não-adulteradas foram corretamente discriminadas com um nível de confiança de 95% e uma frequência analítica superior a 120 amostras por hora.An automatic flow-batch analyzer is proposed for detection of adulteration in distilled spirits (whiskey, brandy, cachaça, rum and vodka) using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The analyzer was employed to dilute the non-adulterated samples and to simulate adulteration with addition of 5 and 10% (v/v) of water, ethanol or methanol. SIMCA (soft independent modelling of class analogies) classification models were built using spectra of non-adulterated and adulterated samples in the region of 235-355 nm. By applying the SIMCA models to a test set, all adulterated and non-adulterated samples were correctly discriminated at a confidence level of 95% with an analytical throughput larger than 120 samples per hour.Keywords: flow-batch analyzer, SIMCA, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, adulteration of distilled spirits, screening analysis IntroductionThe adulteration of distilled spirits with water, ethanol or methanol is a problem with serious repercussions, which compromises the product quality, leads to loss of tax revenue and may constitute a public health threat. [1][2][3][4][5] In a study concerning the chemical composition of 608 beverage samples retailed in Brazil over the period [1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999] 391 samples were found to be out of quality standards. 5 In two cases, the methanol levels were above the tolerance limit stated in Brazilian legislation. In that study, the analyses were carried out by chromatography in gaseous phase with a flame ionization detector.Chromatography is a powerful analytical method, which has been used in several works to detect adulteration in distilled spirits.6-8 However, such method presents some disadvantages, including high cost of the instrumentation, low analytical throughput, high consumption of reagents and samples and generation of harmful residues. 5,9 These limitations have motivated the development of spectrophotometric techniques for screening analysis [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with the aim of reducing the number of samples that need to be analyzed by chromatographic methods. In this context, chemometrics plays a key role in the achievement of good screening results. [10][11][12] A previous work 10 proposed the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and chemometrics to classify 69 samples of distilled spirits with respect to type (whi...

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A quality control technique based on UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy for tequila distillery factories

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Detection of Counterfeit Tequila by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Detection of Counterfeit Tequila by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Identification and quantification of furanic compounds in tequila and mezcal using spectroscopy and chemometric methods

A flow-batch analyzer for UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection of adulteration in distilled spirits

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