A Qualitative Study of Black Women’s Experiences in Drug Abuse and Mental Health Services

Jones, Lani V.; Hopson, Laura M.; Warner, Lynn A.; Hardiman, Eric R.; James, Tana

doi:10.1177/0886109914531957

Cited by 27 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Treatment readiness barriers were identified as issues that focused on fear of seeking treatment (guilt or shame), lack of motivation for treatment (personal), the belief that treatment was not needed (personal), and the obstacle of interpersonal relationships with family and childcare (interpersonal reasons) (see Table ). For Personal barriers women often delayed or avoided treatment because they changed their mind, wanted to manage on their own, or had problems making arrangements (Allen, ; Brown, ; Ehrmin, ; Hser, Maglione, Polinsky, & Anglin, ; Jones, Hopson, Warner, Hardiman, & James, ; MacMaster, ; Roberts & Nishimoto, ; Rosen, Tolman, & Warner, ). Interpersonal barriers were more specific to caring for children, a spouse/partner, and other family members.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies reported social support or interpersonal issues as barriers to treatment (Allen, 1995;Jones et al, 2015, MacMaster, 2005Roberts & Nishimoto, 2006). Allen (1995) found that participant's role as a wife and mother interfered with seeking treatment.…”

Section: Treatment Readiness Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies cited lack of available childcare as reasons for not seeking treatment (MacMaster, 2005;Roberts & Nishimoto, 2006;Wechsberg, Zule, Riehman, Luseno, & Lam, 2007). Guilt or shame related to the need for treatment was also common among barriers cited (Allen, 1995;Ehrmin, 2001Ehrmin, , 2005Jones et al, 2015, MacMaster, 2005Roberts & Nishimoto, 2006). Ehrmin (2005) found women who needed to enter treatment were sensitive to judgment by others because of their substance use.…”

Section: Treatment Readiness Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring African‐American womens' experiences with substance use treatment: A review of the literature

Redmond

Smith

Collins

2019

Journal Community Psychology

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The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize evidence on treatment barriers among African‐American women who seek treatment for substance use disorders. The authors reviewed articles from 1995 to 2018 on the topic of substance use disorders among African‐American women. Based on the review of 13 articles, we found African‐American women were more likely to encounter treatment readiness barriers compared to access barriers and system‐related barriers. Personal and interpersonal barriers were more readily identified throughout the literature reviewed. However, African‐American women did encounter other barriers such as access‐ and system‐related barriers. In addition, the intersection of race, gender, and class was not addressed in the specific articles, but should be considered when working to remove treatment barriers for this population. While prevalence of alcohol and drug use is limited among African‐American women, it is important to understand how treatment readiness barriers may limit successful completion of treatment and ongoing progress. Implications for treatment and future research in addressing barriers to treatment for African‐American women are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Readiness Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Readiness Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring African‐American womens' experiences with substance use treatment: A review of the literature

Redmond

Smith

Collins

2019

Journal Community Psychology

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“…Given that this population (minority women with SUDs) might not want to disclose trauma (possibly due to cultural barriers, guardedness, embarrassment, and/or provider mistrust, etc. ), 22,[25][26][27]35 and is shown to have poorer outcomes, disproportionate physical health burdens, and greater rates of addiction severity, compared to those without trauma or PTSD, 9 it is important to find ways to identify women for further evaluation and referral. The study found that six items, taken from non-PTSD-specific symptom measures, when calculated together, are associated with a probable PTSD diagnosis with a sensitivity of 88.7%, a specificity of 66.7%, a positive predictive value of 73.4%, a negative predictive value of 85.0%, and an accuracy of 77.9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Furthermore, African American women may be particularly guarded around reporting symptoms, 25 as African American individuals have reported mistrust of providers and described providers as insensitive and lacking cultural awareness. 26,27 Thus, a negative view of providers could impede the disclosure, and subsequent treatment, of symptoms, particularly in the context of substance treatment. 24 In broader medical care settings, substance use frequently goes undetected, due to provider lack of knowledge, skills, confidence, [28][29][30] and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Health Problems, and Depression Among African American Women in Residential Substance Use Treatment

Meshberg‐Cohen

Presseau

Thacker

et al. 2016

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are high among women seeking treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). Minority women, in particular, experience high rates of trauma and may be less likely to disclose trauma history. This article identifies items from pre-existing screening measures that can be used across settings to sensitively but noninvasively identify women with likely PTSD. Method: For a sample of 104 African American women in residential SUD treatment who provided informed consent as a part of a larger randomized clinical trial, the prevalence of trauma and PTSD, as well as the relationships between trauma, health, depression, and distress, was examined. Measures included Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness (PILL), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Additional analyses were undertaken to determine if a subset of noninvasive items could serve to identify the presence of a probable PTSD diagnosis. Results: Most women (94.2%) reported at least one lifetime trauma, with over half (51.0%) meeting DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Women with greater trauma symptom severity reported more health problems and higher levels of depression and distress. Five BSI items and one CES-D item were significantly associated with a probable PTSD diagnosis with a sensitivity of 88.7%, a specificity of 66.7%, a positive predictive value of 73.4%, a negative predictive value of 85.0%, and an accuracy of 77.9%. Conclusion: Findings affirm that African American women with SUDs present for residential treatment with comorbid psychiatric and emotional conditions that warrant assessment and treatment. Results highlight potential benefits of brief screening with routine measures and coordinated access to ancillary psychiatric and medical services, in conjunction with substance treatment, such as in residential or primary care.

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Systematic Review of Cultural Aspects of Stigma and Mental Illness among Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups in the United States: Implications for Interventions

Misra

Jackson

Chong

et al. 2021

American J of Comm Psychol

134

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Stigma is integral to understanding mental health disparities among racial and ethnic minority groups in the United States. We conducted a systematic review to identify empirical studies on cultural aspects of mental illness stigma (public, structural, affiliative, self) among three racial and ethnic minority groups (Asian Americans, Black Americans, Latinx Americans) from 1990 to 2019, yielding 97 articles. In comparison studies (N = 25), racial and ethnic minority groups often expressed greater public and/or self‐stigma than White American groups. In within‐group studies (N = 65; Asian American, n = 21; Black American, n = 18; Latinx American; n = 26), which were primarily qualitative (73%), four major cultural themes emerged: 1) service barriers including access and quality (structural stigma); 2) family experiences including concealment for family’s sake, fear of being a burden, and stigma extending to family (affiliative stigma); 3) lack of knowledge about mental illness and specific cultural beliefs (public stigma); and 4) negative emotional responses and coping (self‐stigma). These findings confirmed stigma has both similar and unique cultural aspects across groups. Despite this, few studies tested stigma reduction interventions (N = 7). These cultural insights can inform contextual change at the health systems and community levels to reduce stigma, and empowerment at the interpersonal and individual levels to resist stigma.

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A Qualitative Study of Black Women’s Experiences in Drug Abuse and Mental Health Services

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Exploring African‐American womens' experiences with substance use treatment: A review of the literature

Exploring African‐American womens' experiences with substance use treatment: A review of the literature

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Health Problems, and Depression Among African American Women in Residential Substance Use Treatment

Systematic Review of Cultural Aspects of Stigma and Mental Illness among Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups in the United States: Implications for Interventions

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