A qualitative exploratory study using One Health approach for developing an intervention package for elimination of human anthrax in an endemic district of Odisha, India

Mansingh, Asit; Choudhary, Hari Ram; Shandilya, Jyoti; Kshatri, Jaya Singh; Parai, Debaprasad; Pattanaik, Matrujyoti; Padhi, Arun Kumar; Jain, Hitesh Kumar; Mohanty, Prasantajyoti; Kanungo, Srikanta

doi:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_646_21

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“… Philippines Rabies Lechenne et al, 2021 [ 68 ] To describe One Health research project and evaluate its success. Chad Rabies Côte d'Ivoire Rabies Mali Rabies Mansingh et al, 2021 [ 81 ] To identify gaps in controlling the animal and human anthrax cases. India Anthrax Innes et al, 2022 [ 73 ] To describe and evaluate One Health pilot program for surveillance of Avian influenza.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of the One Health approach in the management of five major zoonotic diseases using the World Bank domains: A scoping review

Rai,

Tessema,

Fritschi

et al. 2024

One Health

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of the One Health approach in the management of five major zoonotic diseases using the World Bank domains: A scoping review

Rai,

Tessema,

Fritschi

et al. 2024

One Health

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“…Anthrax continues to affect and is endemic in multiple global regions like Mediterranean countries, a few parts of Canada and the United States, some central and south American and central Asian countries, a few African countries, and western China [5]. In India, anthrax is enzootic in Andhra Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and Karnataka [6]. It primarily affects communities living near forest areas, especially in Eastern states like Odisha where outbreaks are mostly documented and reported [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Shandilya,

Parai,

Choudhary

et al. 2023

Public Health Challenges

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BackgroundOdisha is a state in India endemic to anthrax disease with frequent reports of suspected animal cases. A suspected outbreak of anthrax in humans was reported on 24 October 2021 at Tukum village in Koraput district of Odisha, India after a bullock was found dead and consumed by the locals on 17 October 2021.MethodsThis extended outbreak investigation was carried out through house‐to‐house active surveillance from 24 October to 2 November 2021 in the Koraput district. Eschar skin swabs from wounds were collected and processed at District Public Health Laboratory, Koraput, and analyzed in Indian Council of Medical Research‐Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar for molecular confirmation. Samples from bone, soil, and dried meat were collected from the contaminated sites and were transported to Animal Diseases Research Institute, Cuttack for confirmation.ResultsFour suspected cases of human anthrax were identified who had handled and consumed dead bullock meat, among which one human had died later. The attack rate of the persons at risk in the village was calculated to be 1.23%. However, no Bacillus anthracis were identified in human swab samples when tested in real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Samples collected from contaminated sites were confirmed to have anthrax bacilli.ConclusionInvestigation revealed that a suspected anthrax cluster outbreak was due to butchering/de‐skinning and consumption of the anthrax‐infected dead animal. The presence of bacilli in human samples could not be confirmed due to the intake of antibiotics before the collection of sample. This finding highlighted the importance of sample collection at a suitable time and a possible need for one health approach for better coordination among the different responsible departments.

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“…Odisha is unique among Indian States in that it has a significant (22.85% of ST population) and diverse [62 STs and 13 Primitive Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)] tribal population 9 . These indigenous communities are generally considered socially and economically marginalized and at a disproportionately higher risk in case of public health emergencies 10 , 11 . While there is some evidence that tribal communities in India report a lower caseload and higher recovery rates, the mechanisms are not well understood 12 , 13 .…”

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Serological survey for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among tribal communities of Odisha post-second wave

et al. 2022

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Background & objectives: Serial national level serosurveys in India have provided valuable information regarding the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in the general population, but the impact of the ongoing pandemic on the tribal population in India is not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in the tribal population of Odisha post-second wave (September 2021). Methods: A population-based, age-stratified, cross-sectional study design was adopted for the survey, carried out in seven tribal districts of Odisha from 30 th August to 16 th September 2021. A multistage random sampling method was used where serum samples were tested for antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein in each district, and a weighted seroprevalence with 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) was estimated for each district. Results: A total of 2855 study participants were included from the seven tribal districts of Odisha in the final analysis. The overall weighted seroprevalence was 72.8 per cent (95% CI: 70.1-75.3). Serological prevalence was the highest among 18-44 yr (74.4%, 95% CI: 71.3-77.3) and from Sambalpur district [75.90% (66.90-83.10)]. Among participants, 41.93 per cent had received at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. Kandhamal district had the highest number of fully immunized participants (24.78%), and in Sundergarh district, most of the study participants (58.1%) were unimmunized. Interpretation & conclusions: This study found high seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in the tribal population of Odisha. The vaccination coverage is at par with the general population, and efforts to address some knowledge gaps may be needed to improve the coverage in the future.

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A qualitative exploratory study using One Health approach for developing an intervention package for elimination of human anthrax in an endemic district of Odisha, India

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

The application of the One Health approach in the management of five major zoonotic diseases using the World Bank domains: A scoping review

The application of the One Health approach in the management of five major zoonotic diseases using the World Bank domains: A scoping review

Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Serological survey for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among tribal communities of Odisha post-second wave

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