A Quad-Redundant PLC Architecture for Cyber-Resilient Industrial Control Systems

Redundancy and fault tolerance are two of the most important considerations in automation control systems, as they provide stability and reliability for the whole system. This paper presents the types of redundancy that can be found in a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) system at component-level, connection-level, and system-level, and is a review of various techniques and implementations of PLC redundancy, accompanied by a summary of redundancy options offered by PLC manufacturers in the global market.

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“…For this case, two implementations are presented below. The architecture proposed in figure 4 has the following key features [28]:…”

Section: Figure 1 Diagram Of An Active Parallel Redundant Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of redundancy in PLC-based systems

Simion

Bîră²

2023

Advanced Topics in Optoelectronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnologies XI

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“…Therefore, a source with an output of 24 virtual data center (VDC) and 10 A is required for the correct operation of the instrument or equipment. For that reason, the SIMATIC PS 307 10 A switching power supply, model 6ES7 307-1KA02-0AA0 [27] was selected. The control algorithm, and the configuration of the PLC simulation were carried out using the integrated automation portal development software (TIA Portal V13.0) shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Proposal For Selection Of Control Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation of the air conditioning system for aseptic rooms of pharmaceutical production

Álvarez

Vicente²,

Zamora³

et al. 2023

IJPEDS

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<span lang="EN-US">As modern control systems are becoming more complex, and the implemented technology more sophisticated, the importance of the different characteristics of those systems, such as reliability, availability, security, and protection, is increasing. In this article, an automation design for the air conditioning system of classified areas of the Parenteral solutions plant of the eastern pharmaceutical laboratory company of Santiago de Cuba province, Cuba, is proposed because there is a lack of optimal environmental conditions for development and production of pharmaceuticals at a large scale. The proposal is focused on the design of a supervision system and automatic control of the environmental variables that influence the drug production process. The entire algorithm for the design was developed to monitor critical and non-critical variables and control values of temperature, relative humidity, differential pressure, and air velocity according to standards established by pharmaceutical companies. The design of the automation system includes, apart from the control and supervision algorithm for operation efficiency, the necessary instrumentation.</span>

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“…Intrusion-tolerant architectures in [24], [25] replicate PLCs and use pairwise comparisons among replicas for intrusion discovery. Unlike proactive rejuvenation, both architectures only restore the malicious PLCs upon discovered misbehaviour.…”

Section: B Heterogeneous Redundancymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Heterogeneous Redundant Architecture for Industrial Control System Security

Dai

Leeke

Ding

et al. 2022

2022 IEEE 27th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC)

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Component-level heterogeneous redundancy is gaining popularity as an approach for preventing single-point security breaches in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs), especially with regard to core components such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). To take control of a system with componentlevel heterogeneous redundancy, an adversary must uncover and concurrently exploit vulnerabilities across multiple versions of hardened components. As such, attackers incur increased costs and delays when seeking to launch a successful attack. Existing approaches advocate attack resilience via pairwise comparison among outputs from multiple PLCs. These approaches incur increased resource costs due to them having a high degree of redundancy and do not address concurrent attacks. In this paper we address both issues, demonstrating a data-driven component selection approach that achieves a trade-off between resources cost and security. In particular, we propose (i) a novel dual-PLC ICS architecture with native pairwise comparison which can offer limited yet comparable defence against single-point breaches, (ii) a machine-learning based selection mechanisms which can deliver resilience against non-concurrent attacks under resource constraints, (iii) a scaled up variant of the proposed architecture to counteract concurrent attacks with modest resource implications.

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A Quad-Redundant PLC Architecture for Cyber-Resilient Industrial Control Systems

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

A review of redundancy in PLC-based systems

A review of redundancy in PLC-based systems

Automation of the air conditioning system for aseptic rooms of pharmaceutical production

A Heterogeneous Redundant Architecture for Industrial Control System Security

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