A pyrosol process to deposit large-area SnO2:F thin films and its use as a transparent conducting substrate for CdTe solar cells

Veluchamy, P.; Tsuji, M.; Nishio, T.; Aramoto, T.; Handa, Hiroshi; Kumazawa, S.; Shibutani, S.; Nakajima, Junji; Arita, Takaichi; Ohyama, Hideaki; Hanafusa, A.; Hibino, Takeshi; Omura, K.

doi:10.1016/s0927-0248(00)00279-8

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…\ 5% w/w). For the undoped thin films, a preferred orientation along the (110) plane is apparent and this preferential crystallite alignment has been reported a number of times previous to this work [14,40,41] and is believed to be the most stable crystallographic orientation due to the lowest formation energy [41,42]. At lower Mo at%, the relative intensities of the other major reflections corresponding to the (101), (200) and (211) planes are increased, suggesting a more random crystallite growth.…”

Section: Structural Characterisation Of Thin Films By Diffractionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…aliovalent ion doping, is able to enhance the electrical conductivity via increasing the mobility and carrier concentration [10,11]. Commonly used doped variants of SnO 2 contain Fat the anion site which is a good candidate to replace ITO and possesses a resistivity of $ 4 Â 10 À4 X cm and an over 80% transmittance [12][13][14]. Additionally, antimony (Sb) with a resistivity of around 6 Â 10 À4 X cm and approximately 80% transmittance [15][16][17] and tantalum (Ta) [11,18] at the cation site can also be used as dopants to improve conductivity.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel and potentially scalable CVD-based route towards SnO2:Mo thin films as transparent conducting oxides

Nikiel

Thomas

et al. 2021

J Mater Sci

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In this report, we prepared transparent and conducting undoped and molybdenum-doped tin oxide (Mo–SnO2) thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD). The relationship between the precursor concentration in the feed and in the resulting films was studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, suggesting that the efficiency of doping is quantitative and that this method could potentially impart exquisite control over dopant levels. All SnO2 films were in tetragonal structure as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction measurements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterisation indicated for the first time that Mo ions were in mixed valence states of Mo(VI) and Mo(V) on the surface. Incorporation of Mo6+ resulted in the lowest resistivity of $$7.3 \times 10^{{ - 3}} \Omega \,{\text{cm}}$$ 7.3 × 10 - 3 Ω cm , compared to pure SnO2 films with resistivities of $$4.3\left( 0 \right) \times 10^{{ - 2}} \Omega \,{\text{cm}}$$ 4.3 0 × 10 - 2 Ω cm . Meanwhile, a high transmittance of 83% in the visible light range was also acquired. This work presents a comprehensive investigation into impact of Mo doping on SnO2 films synthesised by AACVD for the first time and establishes the potential for scalable deposition of SnO2:Mo thin films in TCO manufacturing. Graphical abstract

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Section: Structural Characterisation Of Thin Films By Diffractionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel and potentially scalable CVD-based route towards SnO2:Mo thin films as transparent conducting oxides

Nikiel

Thomas

et al. 2021

J Mater Sci

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“…The undoped SnO 2 thin films have high resistivity due to its stoichiometric nature which could not produce large number of free charge carriers. In order to increase the carrier density, the effective dopants have been used, such as antimony (Sb) 18 19 , niobium (Nb) 20 , tantalum (Ta) 21 , Cadmium (Cd) 22 , tungsten (W) 23 , Cobalt (Co) 24 , and fluorine (F) 25 26 27 . Among these dopants, F is found to be the most commonly used dopant for SnO 2 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and investigation of nano-thick FTO/Ag/FTO multilayer transparent electrodes with high figure of merit

Lyu

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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In order to improve the conductivity of the single–layered nano-thick F doped SnO2 (FTO) thin films, an Ag mid–layer is embedded between the FTO layers. In our work, the effects of mid–layer Ag and top FTO layer on the structural, electrical and optical properties of FTO/Ag/FTO multilayered composite structures deposited on quartz glass substrates by magnetron sputtering at 100 °C have been investigated. As the thickness of Ag mid–layer increases, the resistivity decreases. As the top FTO layer thickness increases, the resistivity increases. The highest value of figure of merit φTC is 7.8 × 10−2 Ω−1 for the FTO (20 nm)/Ag (7 nm)/FTO (30 nm) multilayers, while the average optical transmittance is 95.5% in the visible range of wavelengths and the resistivity is 8.8 × 10−5 Ω·cm. In addition, we also describe the influence of Ag and top FTO layer thickness on structural, electrical and optical properties of the nano-thick FTO (20 nm)/Ag/FTO multilayers and the mechanism of the changes of electrical and optical properties at different Ag and top FTO layer thicknesses.

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“…The two most used TCOs are SnO 2 :F [10] and ITO [11]. Like glass substrate, TCO thin film has to endure high temperature and present chemical stability because of configuration.…”

Section: Transparent Conducting Oxide (Tco)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CdTe Thin Films: Deposition Techniques and Applications

Arce‐Plaza¹,

Sánchez-Rodríguez²,

Courel³

et al. 2019

Coatings and Thin-Film Technologies

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The II-IV semiconductor compound, CdTe, has suitable electrical and optical properties as photovoltaic and high-energy radiation sensor material. As an absorber material for thinfilm-based solar cells, CdTe holds the potentiality to fabricate high-efficiency solar cells by means of low-cost technologies. This chapter presents a comprehensive review on the CdTe thin-film deposition techniques as well as on the several configurations for the solar cell structures that have led the best efficiency conversion. Current CdTe thin-film deposition techniques include sputtering, close spaced vapor transport (CSVT), chemical spray pyrolysis, and electrodeposition. These techniques have easily been adapted to deposit polycrystalline CdTe films on various flexible and rigid substrates. In regard to the device structure configuration, a variety of partner materials (transparent contact, optical window, buffer layer) were tested, and CdTe film thickness was varied to develop opaque and semitransparent devices by some techniques mentioned above. In this chapter, we will discuss about each technique used for CdTe thin-film deposition as well as its advantages and disadvantages.

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A pyrosol process to deposit large-area SnO2:F thin films and its use as a transparent conducting substrate for CdTe solar cells

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

A novel and potentially scalable CVD-based route towards SnO2:Mo thin films as transparent conducting oxides

A novel and potentially scalable CVD-based route towards SnO2:Mo thin films as transparent conducting oxides

Preparation and investigation of nano-thick FTO/Ag/FTO multilayer transparent electrodes with high figure of merit

CdTe Thin Films: Deposition Techniques and Applications

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