A Puzzle of Racial Attitudes: A Measurement Analysis of Racial Attitudes and Policy Indicators

Roos, J. Micah; Hughes, Michael D.; Reichelmann, Ashley V.

doi:10.1177/2378023119842738

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…While the concept of racial resentment is abstract and difficult to measure; it has been of particular interest to race scholars over the past five decades (Kinder and Sanders 1996; Roos, Hughes, and Reichelmann 2019). The ANES includes several questions that have been labeled as racial resentment in past research (Crombach’s Alpha: 0.876; Hancock’s H: 0.853).…”

Section: Methods and Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment: The Curious Role of Education

2022

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The anti-politically correct (PC) stance has been a key defensive position held by many conservative Americans for more than three decades. This position holds that being forced to be politically correct hinders open dialogue and debate on important yet sensitive issues, especially those around race and racism. However, scholars have questioned this anti-PC orientation and tied it to political orientation and racism. One caveat that stands as the basis of this paper is the role of education in moderating the impact of racial emotions on various outcomes. While some scholars, such as Seymour Lipset, highlight the liberalizing impact of education, others question such impact. Accordingly, this research examines how educational attainment, racial resentment, and White guilt concerning racial injustice interact to impact the likelihood of White Americans taking an anti-PC stance. Our data is drawn from the American National Election Study 2016 pilot survey. In line with past research, we find that racial resentment and White guilt indeed predict views toward political correctness; however, we find educational attainment does not change the effect of these variables on views toward political correctness. We discuss the importance of these findings in relation to prominent social theories on race and social dominance.

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Section: Methods and Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recreate here the latent variable measurement techniques for racial resentment presented in Roos et al (2019), which yields a continuous variable for racial resentment with a mean around zero (.145), a lower bound of −2.037 and an upper bound of 1.361, with a standard deviation around 1.…”

Section: Methods and Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment: The Curious Role of Education

2022

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“…We do, however, address the second critique of survey analysis that has tended to adopt a single-axis framework to study either race or gender attitudes. These approaches have often used variablecentered methods, such as alpha reliability or confirmatory factor analysis, to construct independent measures of racial and gender attitudes based on correlations between observed variables (Bolzendahl and Myers 2004;Roos, Hughes, and Reichelmann 2019). In these methods, relationships between variables are theorized by researchers and then tested to determine whether they constitute reliable constructs.…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intersection of Racial and Gender Attitudes, 1977 through 2018

et al. 2021

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Intersectionality scholars have long identified dynamic configurations of race and gender ideologies. Yet, survey research on racial and gender attitudes tends to treat these components as independent. We apply latent class analysis to a set of racial and gender attitude items from the General Social Survey (1977 to 2018) to identify four configurations of individuals’ simultaneous views on race and gender. Two of these configurations hold unified progressive or regressive racial and gender attitudes. The other two formations have discordant racial and gender attitudes, where progressive views on one aspect combine with regressive views on the other. In the majority of survey years, the most commonly held configuration endorsed gender equality but espoused new racialist views that attributed racial disparities to cultural deficiencies. This perspective has become increasingly common since 1977 and is most prevalent among White women and White men, likely due to racial-group interest. Black women and Black men, in contrast, are more likely to embrace progressive racial and gender attitudes. We argue that White men’s gender egalitarianism may be rooted in self-interest, aimed at acquiring resources through intimate relationships. In contrast, Black men adopt progressive racial and gender attitudes to form a necessary coalition with Black women to challenge racism.

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“…Since the Civil Rights era, the expression of explicit animosity or antipathy toward racial out‐groups have become gradually more stigmatized. This stigmatization, scholars have suggested, can limit the utility of the use of standard survey measures for inferential analysis (Roos, Hughes, and Reichelmann, 2019; Tuch and Hughes, 2011). How much of the significant reduction in the expression of anti‐Black animus among White survey respondents is attributable to “masking” as a result of social desirability bias remains a source of debate in the racial attitudes literature.…”

Section: Relevant Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Know? White Racial Attitudes and Survey Item Refusal on Gun Ownership Questions

LeCount

2021

Sociological Inquiry

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Research has long documented the fact that sensitive items on surveys are subject to relatively high levels of item response refusal, but the role played by respondent characteristics in shaping who refuses is underexplored. The present study integrates this methodological literature with a growing body of research concerned with the racialization of attitudes about gun ownership and policy among Whites in order to address this question. Specifically, this project investigates how racial attitudes influence survey item response refusal on items about gun ownership. Analyses of four distinct nationally representative samples suggest that racially conservative White respondents are more likely to refuse to respond to items concerned with gun ownership net of a host of relevant controls. Implications for the measurement of racial attitudes and gun‐related survey questions are discussed.

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A Puzzle of Racial Attitudes: A Measurement Analysis of Racial Attitudes and Policy Indicators

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment: The Curious Role of Education

Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment: The Curious Role of Education

The Intersection of Racial and Gender Attitudes, 1977 through 2018

Who Wants to Know? White Racial Attitudes and Survey Item Refusal on Gun Ownership Questions

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